Classification of health conditions
The list of health conditions that underpin this analysis (and their organisation into cause groups and specific causes) is shown below (Cause list). The classification of the health conditions into groups and causes are mutually exclusive (non-overlapping). The cause list was designed to reflect the disease and conditions that are commonly reported on and monitored in Australia, as well as to fit with a multiple cause analysis approach.
Cause groups: 21 cause groups each comprising a set of related specific causes, for example, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and mental and behavioural conditions. The cause list also includes the following groups:
- Injury which includes specific causes to reflect the types of injuries involved in causing death.
- Ill-defined which includes modes of dying such cardiac or respiratory arrest and respiratory failure. These are ill-defined as an underlying cause of death. Due to their involvement in causing death, it is necessary to identify these conditions in a multiple cause of death analysis.
- Unspecified or undetermined includes deaths where the cause was not able to be determined. This could occur, for example, where there is insufficient detail recorded on the medical death certificate.
- Psychosocial includes non-medical factors, such as social determinants, that play a role in a person’s life and death. These include, for example, (adverse) childhood events, issues with support systems, employment-related issues or suicide ideation.
Specific causes: there are 197 specific causes in the cause list used here; each is aligned to one of the 21 cause groups.
Cause list: Cause group and cause name, International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) code inclusions
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
HIV/AIDS | B20–B24, O987 |
Tuberculosis | A15–A199, B90–B909, N330, N740–N741, O980, P370 |
Other respiratory infections | J00–J069, J987 |
Lower respiratory infections | J12–J129, J14–J22, J85–J869 |
Influenza | J09–J118 |
Urinary tract infections | N30–N309, N34–N343, N390 |
COVID-19 | U071–U109 |
Sepsis | A40–A402, A408–A419 |
Hepatitis | B15–B179, B19–B199, B942 |
Gastrointestinal infections | A00–A099, D593 |
Other infectious diseases | A20–A399, A403, A42–A449, A48–B07, B080, B082–B083, B085–B09, B25–B854, B87–B89, B91–B92, B940–B941, B948–B99, G00–G07, H65–H669, H68–H681, H70–H709, J13, N290, N742–N744, O981–O986, O988–O989, P350, P373–P374 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Infant & congenital (excluding SIDS) | G80–G809, P00–P299, P351–P369, P371–P372, P375–Q999 |
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) | R95–R959 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Laryngeal cancer | C32–C329 |
Oesophageal cancer | C15–C159 |
Stomach cancer | C16–C169 |
Colorectal cancer | C18–C20, C260 |
Liver cancer | C22–C229 |
Gallbladder cancer | C23–C249 |
Pancreatic cancer | C25–C259 |
Lung cancer | C33–C349 |
Mesothelioma | C45–C459 |
Melanoma of the skin | C43–C439 |
Non-melanoma skin cancer | C44–C449 |
Breast cancer | C50–C509 |
Cervical cancer | C53–C539 |
Uterine cancer | C54–C559 |
Ovarian cancer | C56 |
Prostate cancer | C61 |
Bladder cancer | C67–C679 |
Kidney cancer | C64–C649 |
Brain cancer | C70–C729 |
Thyroid cancer | C73 |
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | C82–C866 |
Hodgkin lymphoma | C81–C819 |
Myeloma | C90–C903 |
Other blood cancers | C88–C889, C96–C969, D45–D469, D471, D473–D475 |
Cancer unknown primary | C76–C768, C80–C809, C97 |
Benign/uncertain brain tumour | D32–D339, D42–D439 |
Acute myeloid leukaemia | C920, C923–C926, C928, C930, C940, C942, C944–C945 |
Chronic myeloid leukaemia | C921 |
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia | C910 |
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia | C911 |
Other leukaemias | C912–C919, C922, C927, C929, C931–C939, C941, C943, C946–C959 |
Oral cancers | C00–C148 |
Cancer of secondary site | C77–C799 |
Other malignant cancers | C17–C179, C21–C218, C261–C319, C37–C419, C46–C499, C51–C52, C57–C609, C62–C639, C65–C66, C68–C699, C74–C759 |
Other benign cancers | D00–D24, D26–D319, D34–D419, D44–D449, D470, D472, D477–D489 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Coronary heart disease | I20–I259 |
Cerebrovascular diseases | G45–G459, I60–I698 |
Rheumatic heart disease | I00–I069, I080–I081, I083, I09–I099 |
Non-rheumatic valvular disease | I07–I079, I082, I088–I089, I34–I398 |
Atrial fibrillation | I48–I489 |
Inflammatory heart disease | I30–I339, I40–I418 |
Cardiomyopathy | I42–I438 |
Aortic aneurysm | I71–I719 |
Peripheral vascular disease | I700–I708, I72–I749 |
Arrythmias | I47–I479, I49–I499 |
Pulmonary embolism | I26–I269 |
Cardiomegaly | I517 |
Hypertension | I10 |
Hypertensive heart & renal disease | I13–I139, I150 |
Heart failure (specified) | I500–I501 |
Other cardiovascular | I11–I119, I158–I159, I27–I289, I44–I459, I460, I51–I516, I518–I528, I709, I77–I849, I86–I959, I98–I99 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Asthma | J45–J46 |
COPD | J40–J449 |
Interstitial lung disease | J84–J849 |
Upper respiratory conditions | J30–J339, J341–J399 |
Asbestosis | J61 |
Respiratory failure | J96–J969 |
Pulmonary oedema | J81 |
Pleural effusion | J90 |
Pneumonitis | J69–J698 |
Other respiratory diseases | D860, D862, D869, J47–J60, J62–J689, J70–J80, J82, J91–J949, J98–J986, J988–J998 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Gastroduodenal disorders | K221, K25–K279, K29–K299 |
Abdominal wall hernia | K40–K439, K45–K469 |
Vascular disorders of intestine | K55–K559 |
Intestinal obstruction without hernia | K56–K567 |
Inflammatory bowel disease | K50–K529 |
Diverticulitis | K57–K579 |
Chronic liver disease | B18–B189, I85–I859, K70–K709, K710–K711, K713–K769 |
Gallbladder diseases | K80–K839 |
Pancreatitis | K85–K869 |
Gastro-oesophageal reflux | K20–K219, K44–K449 |
Gastrointestinal haemorrhage (unspecified) | K631, K922 |
Peritonitis | K65–K669 |
Other gastrointestinal disorders | K22–K220, K222–K238, K28–K289, K30–K389, K58–K621, K624–K630, K632–K649, K67–K678, K712, K77–K778, K87–K909, K92–K921, K928–K938 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Epilepsy | G40–G419 |
Dementia | F00–F03, G30–G319 |
Parkinson disease | G20 |
Multiple sclerosis | G35 |
Motor neurone disease | G122 |
Other neurological conditions | G08–G121, G128–G14, G21–G26, G32–G328, G36–G379, G43–G448, G46–G737, G81–G969, G98–G998 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Depressive disorders | F32–F339, F341–F349, F39 |
Anxiety disorders | F40–F439 |
Bipolar affective disorder | F30–F319, F340 |
Alcohol use disorders | F10–F109, R780 |
Drug use disorders | F11–F169, F18–F199, R781–R788 |
Schizophrenia | F20–F29 |
Intellectual disability | F70–F799 |
Delirium | F05–F059 |
Tobacco use disorders | F17–F179 |
Other mental & behavioural disorders | F04, F06–F09, F38–F388, F44–F69, F80–F99 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Diabetes | E10–E101, E103–E111, E113–E121, E123–E131, E133–E141, E143–E149, O240–O242 |
Obesity | E66–E669 |
Volume depletion | E86 |
Hypothyroidism (unspecified) | E039 |
Hyperthyroidism | E05–E059 |
Other endocrine disorders | E030–E038, E04–E049, E06–E079, E15–E279, E280–E281, E283–E358, E853–E859, E87–E878, I152 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Chronic kidney disease | E102, E112, E122, E132, E142, I12–I129, N02–N088, N13–N168, N18–N19, N391–N392 |
Enlarged prostate | N40 |
Kidney stones | N20–N219 |
Interstitial nephritis | N10–N12 |
Acute renal failure | N17–N179 |
Other kidney & urinary diseases | I151, N00–N019, N22–N289, N291–N298, N31–N329, N338, N35–N378, N393–N399, N41–N429 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Reproductive & maternal conditions | D25–D259, E282, K622–K623, N43–N739, N748–N989, O00–O239, O243–O979, O99–O998 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Osteoarthritis | M15–M199 |
Gout | M10–M109 |
Rheumatoid arthritis | M05–M069, M08–M089 |
Back pain & problems | M40–M419, M45–M549, M99–M999 |
Osteoporosis | M80–M828 |
Other arthropathies | M00–M036, M07–M076, M09–M098, M11–M148, M20–M259 |
Other osteopathies | M83–M908 |
Other musculoskeletal conditions | M30–M368, M42–M439, M60–M799, M91–M959 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Hearing & vision diseases | H001–H588, H602–H628, H67–H678, H69–H699, H71–H948 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Ulcers | L89–L899, L97, L984 |
Skin infections | A46, B081, B084, H000, H600–H601, J340, L00–L039, L08–L089 |
Other skin disorders | B86, L04–L059, L10–L88, L90–L959, L980–L983, L985–L998 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Oral disorders | K00–K149 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Haemolytic anaemias | D55–D589 |
Iron-deficiency anaemia | D501–D509 |
Protein-energy deficiency | E40–E46 |
High cholesterol | E780, E785 |
Acquired/other anaemia | D500, D59–D592, D594–D649 |
Other blood & metabolic disorders | D51–D539, D65–D849, D861, D863–D868, D89–E02, E50–E65, E67–E779, E781–E784, E786–E849, E850–E852, E88–E889, E90 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Accidental poisoning | X40–X499 |
Falls | W00–W199 |
Drowning | V90–V909, V92–V929, W65–W749 |
Other unintentional injuries | V91–V919, V93–V99, W20–W641, W75–W779, W81–W99, X20–X399, X50–X589, Y35–Y369, Y86–Y862, Y890–Y891 |
Suicide | X60–X849, Y870 |
Homicide & violence | X85–Y099, Y871 |
Unspecified external factors | X59–X590, X599 |
Inhalation & choking | W78–W809 |
Undetermined intent | Y10–Y349 |
Road traffic injuries | V011–V019, V021–V029, V031–V039, V041–V049, V051–V059, V061–V069, V092–V099, V103–V109, V113–V119, V123–V129, V133–V139, V143–V149, V153–V159, V163–V169, V173–V179, V183–V189, V194–V199, V203–V209, V213–V219, V223–V229, V233–V239, V243–V249, V253–V259, V263–V269, V273–V279, V283–V289, V294–V299, V304–V309, V314–V319, V324–V329, V334–V339, V344–V349, V354–V35 |
Medical events (external) | U129, Y40–Y849, Y88–Y883 |
Other external causes | U070, U831, V010, V020, V030, V040, V050, V060, V090–V091, V100–V102, V110–V112, V120–V122, V130–V132, V140–V142, V150–V152, V160–V162, V170–V172, V180–V182, V190–V193, V200–V202, V210–V212, V220–V222, V230–V232, V240–V242, V250–V252, V260–V262, V270–V272, V280–V282, V290–V293, V300–V303, V310–V313, V320–V323, V330–V333, V340–V343, V350–V353, V360–V363, V370 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Traumatic brain injury | S020–S021, S027, S029, S06–S069, T902, T905 |
Spinal cord injuries | S097–S099, S140–S141, S147, S197–S199, S240–S241, S247, S340–S341, S347, T060–T061, T093, T903, T913 |
Internal & crush injury | S07–S079, S110, S17–S18, S224–S225, S25–S281, S297, S35–S379, S380–S381, S396–S397, S47, S57–S579, S67–S678, S77–S772, S87–S878, S97–S978, T04–T049, T065, T147, T914–T915 |
Substances & drugs | T36–T659, T96–T97 |
Drowning/submersion injuries | T751 |
Hip fracture | S72–S729, T931 |
Other fractures | S022–S026, S028, S12–S129, S220–S223, S228–S229, S32–S328, S42–S429, S497, S52–S529, S597, S62–S628, S697, S82–S829, S92–S929, T02–T029, T08–T081, T10–T101, T12–T121, T142, T911–T912, T921–T922, T932 |
Burn injuries | T20–T329, T95–T959 |
Multiple (unspecified) injuries | T07 |
Asphyxiation | T71 |
Foreign body - respiratory tract | T17–T179 |
Medical events (complications) | E89–E899, G97–G979, H59–H599, H95–H959, I97–I979, J95–J959, K91–K919, M96–M969, N99–N999, T80–T890, T983 |
Other injuries | S00–S019, S03–S059, S08–S092, S10–S11, S111–S119, S13–S136, S142–S146, S15–S16, S19, S20–S219, S23–S235, S242–S246, S290, S298–S318, S33–S337, S342–S346, S348, S382–S383, S390, S398–S418, S43–S469, S48–S489, S498–S519, S53–S568, S58–S589, S598–S619, S63–S669, S68–S689, S698–S718, S73–S767, S78–S819, S83–S869, S88–S918, S93–S969, S98–T019, T03–T039, T05–T059 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Cardiac/respiratory arrest | I461–I469, R092 |
Heart failure (unspecified) | I509 |
Gangrene | R02 |
Asphyxia | R090 |
Dysphagia | R13 |
Somnolence, stupor & coma | R40–R402 |
Disorientation/amnesia | R41–R418 |
Ill-defined pain | R07–R074, R10–R104, R14, R30–R309, R51–R529 |
Frailty | R53 |
Senility | R54 |
Convulsions | R56–R568 |
Septic shock | R572 |
Haemorrhage | R04–R049, R58 |
Food/fluid intake issues | R63–R638 |
Cachexia | R64 |
Multiple-organ failure | R688 |
Immobility/bed-bound | R263 |
Tendency to fall | R296 |
Ill-defined urinary | R31–R398 |
Cardiogenic shock | R570 |
All other ill-defined | R00–R012, R03–R031, R05–R068, R091, R093–R098, R11–R12, R15–R258, R260–R262, R268–R278, R290–R294, R298, R42–R448, R450–R457, R46–R509, R55, R571, R578–R579, R59–R629, R65–R659, R680–R683, R69–R779, R789–R948, R96–R98 |
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Unspecified/undetermined | R99 |
Note: Unspecified/undetermined includes deaths where the cause of death is unknown or not able to be determined. Deaths due to unspecified events with known intent, or specified causes of death with unknown intent are included in the External cause group.
Cause group and cause name | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
Support Systems | Z593, Z602, Z604, Z631–Z634, Z636–Z639, Z735, Z742–Z748, Z811–Z813, Z818 |
Childhood events | Z353, Z381, Z588, Z601, Z610–Z619, Z622, Z624–Z625, Z628–Z629 |
Experience of violence/trauma | Z654, Z914, Z916, Z918 |
Intimate partner | Z630, Z635 |
Policing & justice | Z650–Z653 |
Economic & education | Z550, Z552–Z553, Z558–Z559, Z596–Z598 |
Employment | Z560–Z567, Z659 |
Housing | Z590–Z591, Z599 |
Environment | Z572–Z575, Z578–Z579, Z587, Z655 |
Care needs | Z515, Z736, Z740–Z741 |
Personal | Z031–Z032, Z038, Z282, Z312, Z411, Z418, Z465, Z518–Z519, Z538, Z594, Z600, Z644, Z715, Z730, Z733, Z738–Z739, Z752–Z754, Z759, Z763, Z768 |
Individual health status | Z33, Z351, Z532, Z643, Z711, Z723–Z726, Z758, Z850–Z861, Z864–Z865, Z867–Z871, Z873–Z876, Z878, Z892, Z894–Z897, Z901–Z902, Z904–Z906, Z910–Z913, Z922, Z930, Z933, Z940–Z942, Z944, Z964, Z966, Z988, Z991–Z993 |
Suicide ideation | R458 |
Other community & safety issues | Z024–Z025, Z290, Z299, Z554, Z592, Z603, Z605–Z609, Z658, Z734, Z800, Z803–Z804, Z809, Z823–Z824, Z827, Z831, Z848 |
Personal history self-harm | Z915 |
Notes
- Causes that related to Health services for counselling (ICD-10 codes Z70, Z71) Need for vaccination against COVID-19 (ICD-10 code U119), doctor-certified deaths for Factors influencing health status and contact with health services (ICD-10 codes Z00–Z99) and all causes in 2014 coded to Factors influencing health status and contact with health services (ICD-10 codes Z00–Z99) were excluded from the analysis.
- For a list of inclusions coded under each ICD-10 code, see Psychosocial risk factors as they relate to coroner-referred deaths in Australia, ABS, 2022.