Government-funded specialist
homelessness services
SAAP National Data Collection
annual report
2010–11

Victoria

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ISSN 1445-498X	
ISBN 978-1-74249-241-4
Suggested citation
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2011. Government-funded specialist homelessness services: SAAP National Data Collection annual report 2010–11: Victoria. Cat. no. HOU 253. Canberra: AIHW.
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
Board Chair
Dr Andrew Refshauge
Director
David Kalisch
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Published by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
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Contents
Summary
1	How many people were supported?
2	Who was supported?
3	Why do people seek support?
4	For how long were people supported?
5	Were support needs met?
6	What happened after support?
7	Changes over time
Appendix—Vic additional tables
References
List of tables
List of figures

Summary
This publication is one of eight state and territory supplements that accompany the 2010–11 annual report on the use of government-funded specialist homelessness services in Australia (AIHW 2011a). Information to aid readers in interpreting the data is presented in the national report and appendixes (AIHW 2011i).
In line with the national picture, Victorian service users:
•	were mostly female
•	were often relatively young
•	were mostly non-Indigenous, however, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were over-represented relative to their population size
•	commonly sought support because of interpersonal relationship, accommodation, or financial related issues
•	immediately on exit from support, were most often living in a house or flat; were not employed; and had a government pension or benefit as their main source of income.
Some other points of interest in Victoria were:
•	the rate of use of specialist homelessness services was higher than the national average
•	the length of support was the shortest nationally
•	the proportion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people was the lowest nationally
•	there was a relatively high level of unmet need for specialist services, such as drug or alcohol support or intervention and specialist counselling.

1	How many people were supported?
In 2010–11, an estimated 68,500 Victorians received support from a government-funded specialist homelessness agency. Of these, 41,600 (61%) were clients and 26,900 (39%) were children accompanying clients (Figure 1.1).
Figure 1.1: Clients and accompanying children, by state and territory, 2010–11
Vertical bar chart showing, for clients and accompanying children, on the y-axis per cent and on the x-axis state/territory.
Sources: tables A3, A4 and A5; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i: tables A3, A4 and A5.
This was equivalent to 1 in 81 people in Victoria using services—a higher rate of use than the national figure of 1 in 97 people (Table 1.1).
Table 1.1: Rate of service use, by state and territory, 2010–11 (number)
	NSW	Vic	Qld	WA	SA	Tas	ACT	NT	Australia	
Ratio	1:111	1:81	1:112	1:117	1:70	1:74	1:101	1:36	1:97	
Sources: Table A3; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i:Table A3.
Most clients and accompanying children had one period of support within the year, though repeat use of services was slightly higher in Victoria than in the other states and territories (tables A3, A4 and A5; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i).
The majority of services delivered in Victoria were non-accommodation related support services (Figure 1.2). The proportion of support periods where a period of specialist homelessness accommodation was reported was far lower in Victoria than it was in the other states and territories. This was largely because of the way accommodation was reported in this state (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).
Figure 1.2: Support periods with and without a period of specialist homelessness accommodation, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
Vertical bar chart showing, for with and without accommodation, on the y-axis per cent and on the x-axis state/territory.
Sources: Table A4; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i:Table A4.
2	Who was supported?
Victorian service users were:
•	mostly female—59% of all service users and 66% of clients (Table 2.1)
•	relatively young—the average (mean) age of service users was 23 years overall, 34 years for clients, and 7 years for accompanying children (Table 2.2); and the highest rate of use of services was by people aged under 19—an equivalent of 1 in 41 Victorians aged under 15 and 1 in 43 Victorians aged 15–19 used services (derived from Table A7)
•	mostly non-Indigenous (92%). Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander people were, however, over-represented relative to their population size—8% of service users in Victoria identified as Indigenous compared with 1% of Victorians (Figure 2.1; ABS 2009)
•	mostly Australian-born (86%) (Table 2.4). The next most common countries of birth were New Zealand and Sudan (Table A15).
Figure 2.1: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
Vertical bar chart showing, for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and Non-Indigenous, on the y-axis per cent and on the x-axis state/territory.
Source: Table 2.3.
Table 2.1: Sex, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
	NSW	Vic	Qld	WA	SA	Tas	ACT	NT	Australia	
Clients	
Male	40.9	34.1	43.8	36.4	33.3	44.1	41.7	25.1	37.8	
Female	59.1	65.9	56.2	63.6	66.7	55.9	58.3	74.9	62.2	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Accompanying children	
Male	50.5	50.6	49.9	49.8	49.8	49.4	51.6	48.9	50.2	
Female	49.5	49.4	50.1	50.2	50.2	50.6	48.4	51.1	49.8	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total	
Male	44.0	40.6	46.1	41.9	40.7	46.1	45.8	35.7	42.5	
Female	56.0	59.4	53.9	58.1	59.3	53.9	54.2	64.3	57.5	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Sources: tables A6, A8, A10; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i: tables A6, A8, A10.

Table 2.2: Mean and median age, by state and territory, 2010–11 (number)
	NSW	Vic	Qld	WA	SA	Tas	ACT	NT	Australia	
Clients	
Mean	32.5	33.5	32.6	33.5	31.9	31.2	30.7	32.6	32.8	
Median	31	32	31	32	30	29	28	31	31	
Accompanying children	
Mean	6.4	6.7	6.4	6.0	6.5	6.2	6.0	6.1	6.5	
Median	5	6	6	5	6	5	5	5	6	
Total	
Mean	24.0	23.0	22.7	22.4	20.5	21.8	20.4	20.8	22.7	
Median	21	20	20	20	17	19	18	17	20	
Sources: tables A6, A8, A10; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i: tables A6, A8, A10.
Table 2.3: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
	NSW	Vic	Qld	WA	SA	Tas	ACT	NT	Australia	
Clients	
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people	18.2	7.9	24.7	30.1	21.3	10.8	14.1	66.9	18.6	
Non-Indigenous	81.8	92.1	75.3	69.9	78.7	89.2	85.9	33.1	81.4	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Accompanying children	
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people	28.2	9.3	34.2	40.6	24.7	14.3	19.2	76.3	25.5	
Non-Indigenous	71.8	90.7	65.8	59.4	75.3	85.7	80.8	23.7	74.5	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total	
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people	21.5	8.4	28.3	34.4	22.8	12.1	16.3	71.0	21.2	
Non-Indigenous	78.5	91.6	71.7	65.6	77.2	87.9	83.7	29.0	78.8	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Sources: tables A12, A13, A14; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i: tables A12, A13, A14.

Table 2.4: Country of birth, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
	NSW	Vic	Qld	WA	SA	Tas	ACT	NT	Australia	
Clients	
Australian-born	83.0	81.7	86.5	78.0	88.4	93.2	79.8	94.1	83.8	
Born overseas	17.0	18.3	13.5	22.0	11.6	6.8	20.2	5.9	16.2	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Accompanying children	
Australian-born	95.0	94.2	94.9	87.9	95.8	97.6	91.2	97.7	94.3	
Born overseas	5.0	5.8	5.1	12.1	4.2	2.4	8.8	2.3	5.7	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total	
Australian-born	87.0	86.4	89.7	82.0	91.7	94.9	84.6	95.7	87.7	
Born overseas	13.0	13.6	10.3	18.0	8.3	5.1	15.4	4.3	12.3	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Sources: tables A15, A16, A17; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i: tables A15, A16, A17.
3	Why do people seek support?
The most common reasons why people sought support in Victoria were:
•	interpersonal relationships issues (43% of support periods)—such as domestic or family violence or the breakdown of a relationship with a family member, spouse or partner
•	accommodation-related issues (23%)—such as being evicted or otherwise made to leave existing accommodation
•	financial issues (20%)—such as budgeting problems or having insufficient money to pay for accommodation, food, bills or other essentials (Figure 3.1).
Figure 3.1: Main reason for seeking assistance (broad groups), 2010–11 (per cent)
Pie chart showing main reason for seeking assistance (broad groups), 2010–11 (per cent).
Source: Table 3.1.
Table 3.1: Main reason for seeking assistance (broad groups), by state and territory, 2010–11 
(per cent)
	NSW	Vic	Qld	WA(a)	SA	Tas	ACT(b)	NT(c)	Australia	
Interpersonal relationships	40.9	42.6	31.3	46.7	53.5	42.6	46.1	55.5	42.0	
Financial	19.2	19.9	25.3	14.4	6.3	10.4	7.3	6.5	18.2	
Accommodation	15.1	22.6	23.0	12.6	22.2	26.7	17.9	15.5	19.7	
Health	11.1	5.0	6.6	6.5	4.2	6.7	9.8	6.1	7.1	
Other	13.7	9.9	13.8	19.9	13.9	13.6	19.0	16.4	13.0	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
(a)	The data on reasons for seeking assistance in Western Australia may include an over-reporting of ‘other’ as a reason for seeking assistance and an under-reporting of more specific categories. In particular, many of the ‘other’ reasons should have instead been recorded as ‘other financial difficulties’.
(b)	The data on reasons for seeking assistance in the Australian Capital Territory may include an over-reporting of ‘other’ as a reason for seeking assistance and an under-reporting of more specific categories. In particular, problematic drug, alcohol or substance use and mental health issues in the Australian Capital Territory may be under-reported because of the reporting of reasons such as ‘dual diagnosis’ (in which a person has a co-occurring substance use and mental health disorder) as an ‘other’ reason for seeking assistance.
(c)	The data on reasons for seeking assistance in the Northern Territory may include an over-reporting of ‘other’ as a reason for seeking assistance and an under-reporting of more specific categories. In particular, many of the ‘other’ reasons should have instead been recorded as ‘other financial difficulties’.
Sources: Table A19; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i:Table A19.
4	For how long were people supported?
Victorian clients generally had relatively short periods of support, but long periods of accommodation (figures 4.1 and 4.2). Clients were supported for an average (mean) of 49 days, which was the shortest nationally; and, when accommodated, the average (mean) length of accommodation was 99 days, which was longer than the national average of 65 days.
Figure 4.1: Mean and median length of support for clients, by state and territory, 2010–11 (days)
Vertical bar chart showing, for mean and median, on the y-axis days and on the x-axis state/territory.
Sources: Table A21; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i:Table A21.
Figure 4.2: Mean and median length of accommodation for clients accommodated for at least 1 day, by state and territory, 2010–11 (days)
Vertical bar chart showing, for mean and median, on the y-axis days and on the x-axis state/territory.
Sources: Table A23; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i:Table A23.
5	Were support needs met?
The support needs of Victorian service users were generally able to be met:
•	the overall needs of clients were met in 96% of cases (Figure 5.1)
•	the overall needs of accompanying children were met in 98% of cases (Figure 5.2).
Required support remained unmet in 4% of cases for clients and 2% of cases for children accompanying clients. For both clients and accompanying children, specialist services was the broad type of support that most often remained unmet at the completion of support, and the proportion was relatively high compared with the national average. Of the specialist services needed by clients, there was a relatively high level of unmet need for drug or alcohol support or intervention and for specialist counselling—the need for drug or alcohol support or intervention remained unmet in 15% of cases in Victoria compared with 10% nationally; and the need for specialist counselling remained unmet in 17% of cases in Victoria compared with 8% nationally.
Figure 5.1: Provision of support required by clients, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
Vertical bar chart showing, for met and unmet, on the y-axis per cent and on the x-axis state/territory.
Source: Table 5.1.
Figure 5.2: Provision of support required by accompanying children, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
Vertical bar chart showing, for met and unmet, on the y-axis per cent and on the x-axis state/territory.
Source: Table 5.2.

Table 5.1: Provision of support required by clients, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
	NSW	Vic	Qld	WA	SA	Tas	ACT	NT	Australia	
Housing/accommodation	
Met	96.3	92.1	93.5	96.6	84.9	95.1	97.7	96.8	93.4	
Unmet	3.7	7.9	6.5	3.4	15.1	4.9	2.3	3.2	6.6	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Financial/employment	
Met	97.6	96.5	95.9	96.4	84.9	94.3	98.0	98.9	96.0	
Unmet	2.4	3.5	4.1	3.6	15.1	5.7	2.0	1.1	4.0	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Personal support	
Met	99.1	97.5	97.7	98.2	95.3	96.6	99.4	99.5	97.9	
Unmet	0.9	2.5	2.3	1.8	4.7	3.4	0.6	0.5	2.1	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
General support/advocacy	
Met	99.2	98.2	98.8	98.7	97.0	98.0	99.4	99.4	98.6	
Unmet	0.8	1.8	1.2	1.3	3.0	2.0	0.6	0.6	1.4	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Specialist services	
Met	95.4		90.0	92.9	96.2	90.1	79.8	97.6	95.3	93.3	
Unmet	4.6		10.0	7.1	3.8	9.9	20.2	2.4	4.7	6.7	
Total	100.0		100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Basic support/other n.e.s.	
Met	98.9		97.7	98.9	99.5	97.6	98.5	99.7	99.6	98.8	
Unmet	1.1		2.3	1.1	0.5	2.4	1.5	0.3	0.4	1.2	
Total	100.0		100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total	
Met	98.2		96.3	96.9	98.0	92.4	96.2	98.8	98.9	97.0	
Unmet	1.8		3.7	3.1	2.0	7.6	3.8	1.2	1.1	3.0	
Total	100.0		100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Sources: Table A27; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i:Table A27.

Table 5.2: Provision of support required by accompanying children, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
	NSW	Vic	Qld	WA	SA	Tas	ACT	NT	Australia	
Accommodation	
Met	96.9	98.5	99.1	98.3	79.8	97.3	99.6	98.9	95.8	
Unmet	3.1	1.5	0.9	1.7	20.2	2.7	0.4	1.1	4.2	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
School liaison/child care	
Met	98.1	95.3	97.0	92.1	97.1	98.2	96.9	100.0	96.9	
Unmet	1.9	4.7	3.0	7.9	2.9	1.8	3.1	—	3.1	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Personal support	
Met	98.8	93.4	96.3	91.9	97.7	96.5	98.5	98.9	97.4	
Unmet	1.2	6.6	3.7	8.1	2.3	3.5	1.5	1.1	2.6	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
General support/advocacy	
Met	99.3	99.0	98.8	98.3	99.4	99.3	99.6	100.0	99.1	
Unmet	0.7	1.0	1.2	1.7	0.6	0.7	0.4	—	0.9	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Specialist services	
Met	97.3	95.3	93.7	97.8	97.9	94.5	98.3	99.9	97.0	
Unmet	2.7	4.7	6.3	2.2	2.1	5.5	1.7	0.1	3.0	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Basic support/other n.e.s.	
Met	99.3	98.9	98.9	99.5	99.0	99.3	99.9	99.9	99.3	
Unmet	0.7	1.1	1.1	0.5	1.0	0.7	0.1	0.1	0.7	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total	
Met	98.7	98.2	98.3	98.1	94.8	98.5	99.3	99.7	98.2	
Unmet	1.3	1.8	1.7	1.9	5.2	1.5	0.7	0.3	1.8	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Sources: Table A30; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i:Table A30.
6	What happened after support?
Generally, client circumstances had improved by the completion of a period of support, particularly for those who specifically required assistance with income, employment and housing; and for those supported for longer periods (tables 6.1–6.4 and A32–A41).
Immediately following support, most clients: were unemployed or not in the labour force (90%); were receiving a government pension or benefit as their main source of income (86%); and were living in a house or other dwelling (91%) with some form of tenure (74%) 
(tables 6.1–6.4). 
Compared with other states and territories, Victoria had:
•	a relatively high level of exits to live in a boarding or rooming house (Figure 6.1), and this was a slight increase from that reported before support (Table A36)
•	a relatively high level who were unemployed (looking for work) on exit from support (Figure 6.2), and there was little change from that reported before support (Table 6.2).
Figure 6.1: Selected types of house/dwelling immediately after a support period, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
Vertical bar chart showing, for boarding/rooming house, on the y-axis per cent and on the x-axis state/territory.
Source: Table A36; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i:Table A36.
Figure 6.2: Employment status immediately after a support period, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
Vertical bar chart showing, for employed full/part time, unemployed (looking for work) and not in labour force, on the y-axis per cent and on the x-axis state/territory.
Source: Table 6.2.
Table 6.1: Closed support periods: main source of income immediately before and after a support period, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
	NSW	Vic	Qld	WA	SA	Tas	ACT	NT	Australia	
Before	
No income	9.4	6.8	9.6	7.1	7.0	8.3	10.2	6.4	8.0	
Government payments	82.1	84.9	84.8	83.0	82.2	88.1	80.7	85.8	83.9	
Other	8.5	8.2	5.5	9.9	10.8	3.6	9.1	7.9	8.1	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
After	
No income	6.9	5.2	7.3	4.5	4.5	6.2	4.5	5.5	5.9	
Government payments	83.4	86.6	86.4	85.2	84.3	89.4	84.6	85.6	85.5	
Other	9.7	8.3	6.3	10.2	11.2	4.4	11.0	8.8	8.6	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Sources: Table A32; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i:Table A32.

Table 6.2: Closed support periods: employment status in the week before and after a support period, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
	NSW	Vic	Qld	WA	SA	Tas	ACT	NT	Australia	
Before	
Employed full/part time	9.7	9.6	7.6	10.2	10.6	7.4	14.9	10.0	9.4	
Unemployed (looking for work)	19.2	32.6	28.8	26.5	22.6	21.6	19.0	14.1	26.5	
Not in labour force	71.1	57.8	63.7	63.3	66.8	71.0	66.0	75.9	64.1	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
After	
Employed full/part time	12.3	10.2	9.4	12.5	12.3	8.6	19.6	11.5	11.0	
Unemployed (looking for work)	18.7	33.0	27.4	25.1	22.5	20.7	15.6	13.0	26.2	
Not in labour force	69.0	56.8	63.1	62.4	65.1	70.7	64.7	75.6	62.8	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Sources: Table A34; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i:Table A34.
Table 6.3: Closed support periods: type of house/dwelling immediately before and after a support period, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
	NSW	Vic	Qld	WA	SA	Tas	ACT	NT	Australia	
Before	
Improvised dwelling/sleeping rough	12.2	11.3	13.2	10.5	8.7	11.7	13.9	11.9	11.6	
House/dwelling	81.8	85.6	82.7	86.7	86.3	83.5	75.3	84.7	84.2	
Institutional setting	6.0	3.1	4.1	2.8	5.0	4.8	10.8	3.4	4.3	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
After	
Improvised dwelling/sleeping rough	7.9	6.9	5.9	6.0	2.0	4.7	1.9	4.7	6.3	
House/dwelling	86.5	90.9	91.6	90.8	95.1	90.7	92.7	91.4	90.4	
Institutional setting	5.6	2.2	2.5	3.2	2.8	4.7	5.4	3.9	3.3	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Sources: Table A36; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i:Table A36.

Table 6.4: Closed support periods: type of tenure immediately after a support period, by state and territory, 2010–11 (per cent)
	NSW	Vic	Qld	WA	SA	Tas	ACT	NT	Australia	
Before	
SAAP/CAP funded accommodation	12.8	9.1	13.4	7.0	10.2	11.5	18.4	5.0	10.7	
No tenure	18.2	17.0	17.6	13.9	15.2	15.4	24.4	14.9	17.0	
Tenure	69.0	73.9	69.0	79.1	74.6	73.1	57.2	80.1	72.3	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
After	
SAAP/CAP funded accommodation	12.7	14.1	16.6	7.5	15.0	11.0	22.9	7.4	13.6	
No tenure	12.6	11.6	8.5	9.9	4.9	7.5	6.6	7.0	10.4	
Tenure	74.8	74.3	74.9	82.6	80.0	81.5	70.5	85.7	76.0	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Notes
1.	Although the SAAP Agreement and Crisis Accommodation Program have ceased, for continuity in reporting data from the SAAP NDC the terminology and labels of data produced under that agreement have been retained. ‘SAAP/CAP funded accommodation’ refers to what is now known as ‘specialist homelessness accommodation’.
2.	Accommodation estimates are affected by the model of homelessness service delivery used in each jurisdiction. See AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1.
Sources: Table A37; AIHW 2011b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i:Table A37.
7	Changes over time
There have been some changes in the use of specialist homelessness services in Victoria in recent years. Between 2006–07 and 2010–11 there has been:
•	a small increase in the use of services—from 1 in every 88 people to 1 in 81 (or from 58,400 people to 68,500 people) (Table A3)
•	a decrease in the proportion of support periods that include a period of specialist homelessness accommodation—from 19% to 9% (Table A4). This was the highest decrease of all the jurisdictions but was largely related to changes in the way specialist homelessness accommodation has been reported in Victoria (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).

Appendix—Vic additional tables
Table A1: Funding to agencies, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Reporting period	Funded 
agencies
(number)	Agreement
funding
($’000)	Additional
state/territory
funding
($’000)	Total 
allocation
($’000)	Mean
funding per
agency
($’000)	
2006–07	524	68,459	20,400	88,859	170	
2007–08	519	70,249	20,262	90,511	174	
2008–09	535	95,238	1,164	96,402	180	
2009–10	560	105,856	—	105,856	189	
2010–11	562	114,122	4,462	118,585	211	
Notes
1.	Inclusion or exclusion of agencies from the SAAP NDC is determined by the state and territory governments responsible for administering the government response to homelessness.
2.	Not all funded agencies are required to participate in data collection (see Table A2).
3.	Funding to agencies excludes funds not allocated directly to agencies, such as funds allocated for administration and training.
4.	‘Agreement funding’ refers to funding provided jointly by the Australian Government and the state and territory governments under the following agreements: from 1 July 2006 to 31 December 2008, ‘agreement funding’ refers to funding provided under the SAAP V Agreement; from 1 January 2009 to 30 June 2009, ‘agreement funding’ refers to funding provided under the NAHA; from 1 July 2009 to 30 June 2010 and from 1 July 2010 to 30 June 2011, ‘agreement funding’ refers to funding provided under the NAHA and NPAH.
5.	‘Additional state/territory funding’ refers to funding provided by the states and territories over and above the amounts determined in the above agreements.
6.	Agencies may also receive funding from other sources. This is not included.
7.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
Source: Administrative Data Collection.
Table A2: Agency participation rates and records returned with informed consent and valid consent, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Reporting period	Participating
agencies(a)
(number)	Agency
participation
rate(b) (%)	Records
returned
(number)	Records
returned with
consent
(%)	Records
returned with
valid consent(c)
(%)	
2006–07	503	78.1	68,563	85.9	80.1	
2007–08	461	91.3	64,197	89.0	84.0	
2008–09	488	92.8	62,255	90.5	87.1	
2009–10	502	92.0	69,396	92.3	89.2	
2010–11	518	88.6	72,768	90.2	87.4	
(a)	‘Participating agencies’ refers to the number of agencies that should have been participating in the reference period. Refer to AIHW 2011i:Appendix 5. Not all funded agencies are required to participate in the Client Collection (see Table A1). Consequently, some funded agencies are not included in this table.
(b)	‘Agency participation rate’ = the number of participating agencies which returned data during the reference period ÷ the total number of participating agencies x 100.
(c)	‘Valid consent’ here refers to records with a valid statistical linkage key (refer to AIHW 2011i:Appendix 5).
Notes
1.	Table based on records returned from participating agencies during the reference period.
2.	Inclusion or exclusion of agencies from the SAAP NDC is determined by the state and territory governments responsible for administering the government response to homelessness.
3.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
Sources: Administrative Data and Client Collections.

Table A3: Total support for clients and accompanying children, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 
2010–11 (number)
Reporting period	Periods of
support	People
supported (service users)	Service users 
per 10,000 population	Rate of 
service use	Average number of periods of support	
2006–07	108,100	58,400	114	1:88	1.85	
2007–08	102,000	58,000	111	1:90	1.76	
2008–09	101,900	58,600	110	1:91	1.74	
2009–10	116,100	64,800	119	1:84	1.79	
2010–11	125,800	68,500	124	1:81	1.84	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 0.
2.	‘Per 10,000 population’ shows how many people out of every 10,000 in the population used government-funded specialist homelessness services. The rate is estimated by comparing the number of clients and accompanying children in the reporting year with the estimated resident population at the start of the reporting year. Note that this may not match data reported in previous reports due to adjustments in ABS population estimates.
3.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
4.	Period of support figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation.
5.	Person figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Sources: Client Collection; ABS 2011.
Table A4: Support periods and clients, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Support periods (number)	75,800	70,300	67,000	75,400	82,100	
With accommodation (per cent)	18.9	17.1	12.5	10.2	9.4	
Without accommodation (per cent)	81.1	82.9	87.5	89.8	90.6	
Daily average support periods (number)	8,500	8,300	8,800	9,800	9,900	
Nightly average support periods with accommodation (number)	2,200	1,900	800	1,400	1,400	
Clients (number)	37,900	36,600	35,500	39,100	41,600	
Per 10,000 population aged 10+ years(b) (number)	84	79	75	81	85	
Clients with only one period of support (per cent)	70.0	69.4	69.1	68.4	67.3	
Mean number of support periods per client	2.00	1.92	1.88	1.92	1.97	
(a)	Accommodation data are reported differently in Victoria to other jurisdictions (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).
(b)	‘Per 10,000 population aged 10+ years’ shows how many people out of every 10,000 aged 10 years and over in the population became a client. The rate per 10,000 population is estimated by comparing the number of clients aged 10 years and over in the reporting year with the estimated resident population aged 10 years and over at the start of the reporting year. Note that this may not match data reported in previous reports due to adjustments in ABS population estimates.
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 0 support periods and clients; 1,100 nightly support periods with accommodation in 2006–07, 900 in 2007–08, 2,700 in 2008–09, 800 in 2009–10, 400 in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Support period figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation.
4.	Client figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Sources: Client Collection; ABS 2011.

Table A5: Accompanying child support periods and accompanying children, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Accompanying child support periods (number)	32,300	31,600	34,900	40,700	43,600	
With accommodation(b) (per cent)	28.6	25.1	16.9	14.2	12.0	
Without accommodation (per cent)	71.4	74.9	83.1	85.8	88.0	
Daily average accompanying child support periods (number)	6,100	5,800	6,600	7,400	7,400	
Nightly average accompanying child support periods with accommodation (number)	1,700	1,500	700	1,300	1,300	
Accompanying children (number)	20,500	21,400	23,100	25,700	26,900	
Per 10,000 population aged 0–17 years(b) (number)	173	179	192	211	219	
Accompanying children with only one period of support 
(per cent)	73.0	78.2	74.5	76.4	77.0	
Mean number of accompanying child support periods per accompanying child	1.57	1.48	1.51	1.58	1.62	
(a)	Accommodation data are reported differently in Victoria to other jurisdictions (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).
(b)	Dates of support and accommodation are not collected for accompanying children. For the purposes of calculating the number of accompanying child support periods with and without a period of accommodation, accompanying children are assumed to be accommodated if their parent or guardian was accommodated.
(c)	‘Per 10,000 population aged 0–17 years’ shows how many people out of every 10,000 aged 17 years and under in the population accompanied a client. The rate per 10,000 population is estimated by comparing the number of accompanying children aged 17 years and under  in the reporting year with the estimated resident population aged 17 years and under at the start of the reporting year. Note that this may not match data reported in previous reports due to adjustments in ABS population estimates.
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 0 accompanying child support periods and children; 500 nightly accompanying child support periods with accommodation in 2006–07, 400 in 2007–08, 2,000 in 2008–09, 600 in 2009–10, 300 in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Accompanying child support period figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation.
4.	Accompanying children figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent. 
Sources: Client Collection; ABS 2011.

Table A6: Service users: age by sex, 2010–11 (per cent)
Age	Percentage of all clients	Percentage of sex group	Total	
	Male	Female	Male	Female	Per cent	Number	
Under 15 years	18.4	18.0	45.4	30.3	36.4	25,000	
15–19 years	4.9	7.5	12.0	12.6	12.4	8,500	
20–24 years	3.1	6.4	7.6	10.8	9.5	6,500	
25–29 years	2.1	5.2	5.3	8.8	7.4	5,100	
30–34 years	2.4	5.2	6.0	8.7	7.6	5,200	
35–39 years	2.5	5.3	6.2	8.9	7.8	5,300	
40–44 years	2.3	4.4	5.6	7.5	6.7	4,600	
45–49 years	1.8	2.7	4.4	4.6	4.5	3,100	
50–54 years	1.2	1.9	3.0	3.2	3.1	2,100	
55–59 years	0.8	1.1	1.9	1.8	1.8	1,200	
60–64 years	0.5	0.7	1.3	1.2	1.2	900	
65 years and over	0.6	0.9	1.5	1.5	1.5	1,000	
Total	40.6	59.4	100.0	100.0	100.0	. .	
Total (number)	27,800	40,700	27,800	40,700	. .	68,500	
Mean age (years)	. .	. .	20.8	24.5	. .	23.0	
Median age (years)	. .	. .	16	23	. .	20	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 0.
2.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A7: Service users: rate per 10,000 population by age and sex and mean and median age by sex, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Reporting period	Under 15
years	15–19
years	20–24
years	25–44
years	45–64
years	65+
years	Total	Mean
age
(years)	Median
age
(years)	
Male	
2006–07	196	168	107	88	38	13	95	21.9	18	
2007–08	204	150	100	79	36	12	91	21.1	17	
2008–09	216	162	93	73	34	11	92	20.3	16	
2009–10	232	170	87	76	40	12	97	20.5	16	
2010–11	242	178	96	79	44	12	101	20.8	16	
Female	
2006–07	207	276	213	162	51	13	132	24.4	23	
2007–08	210	258	199	162	51	11	130	24.4	23	
2008–09	223	265	196	150	49	10	128	23.6	22	
2009–10	246	271	208	166	59	13	141	24.2	23	
2010–11	250	289	215	171	63	14	146	24.5	23	
Total	
2006–07	201	221	159	125	45	13	114	23.4	21	
2007–08	207	202	148	121	44	11	111	23.0	21	
2008–09	219	212	143	111	42	11	110	22.2	19	
2009–10	239	219	145	121	50	13	119	22.7	20	
2010–11	246	232	154	125	54	14	124	23.0	20	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 0.
2.	The rate per 10,000 population is estimated by comparing the number of clients and accompanying children in the reporting year with the estimated resident population at the start of the reporting year.
3.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
4.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection; ABS 2011.

Table A8: Clients: age by sex, 2010–11 (per cent)
Age	Percentage of all clients	Percentage of sex group	Total	
	Male	Female	Male	Female	Per cent	Number	
Under 15 years	0.5	1.0	1.4	1.5	1.5	600	
15–19 years	5.2	9.1	15.2	13.8	14.3	6,000	
20–24 years	5.1	10.6	14.9	16.0	15.6	6,500	
25–29 years	3.5	8.6	10.3	13.1	12.1	5,100	
30–34 years	4.0	8.6	11.7	13.0	12.5	5,200	
35–39 years	4.1	8.7	12.0	13.3	12.8	5,300	
40–44 years	3.7	7.3	10.9	11.1	11.0	4,600	
45–49 years	2.9	4.5	8.5	6.9	7.4	3,100	
50–54 years	2.0	3.1	5.8	4.7	5.1	2,100	
55–59 years	1.2	1.8	3.6	2.7	3.0	1,200	
60–64 years	0.9	1.2	2.6	1.8	2.1	900	
65 years and over	1.0	1.4	3.0	2.2	2.5	1,000	
Total	34.1	65.9	100.0	100.0	100.0	. .	
Total (number)	14,200	27,400	14,200	27,400	. .	41,600	
Mean age (years)	. .	. .	34.4	33.1	. .	33.5	
Median age (years)	. .	. .	33	32	. .	32	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 0.
2.	Clients aged 0–17 years: 3,400 (1,200 males, 2,300 females).
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A9: Clients: rate per 10,000 population aged 10 years and over by age and sex and mean and median age of all clients by sex, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Reporting period	Clients aged 10+ years	All clients	
	10–14
years	15–19
years	20–24
years	25–44
years	45–64
years	65+
years	Total	Mean
age
(years)	Median
age
(years)	
Male	
2006–07	5	126	107	88	38	13	62	33.5	32	
2007–08	3	105	100	79	36	12	56	33.7	32	
2008–09	5	115	93	73	34	11	54	33.2	32	
2009–10	6	113	87	76	40	12	56	34.0	33	
2010–11	5	115	96	79	44	12	59	34.4	33	
Female	
2006–07	9	233	213	162	51	13	105	31.9	31	
2007–08	8	208	199	162	51	11	102	32.2	31	
2008–09	9	206	196	150	49	10	96	32.0	31	
2009–10	10	206	208	166	59	13	106	32.8	32	
2010–11	10	213	215	171	63	14	110	33.1	32	
Total	
2006–07	7	178	159	125	45	13	84	32.5	31	
2007–08	5	155	148	121	44	11	79	32.7	31	
2008–09	7	159	143	111	42	11	75	32.4	31	
2009–10	8	158	145	121	50	13	81	33.2	32	
2010–11	7	163	154	125	54	14	85	33.5	32	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 0.
2.	The rate per 10,000 population is estimated by comparing the number of clients aged 10 years and over in the reporting year with the estimated resident population aged 10 years and over at the start of the reporting year. Note this may not match data reported in previous reports due to adjustments in ABS population estimates.
3.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
4.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection; ABS 2011.

Table A10: Accompanying children: age, by sex, 2010–11 (per cent)
Age	Percentage of
all accompanying children	Percentage of
sex group	Total	
	Male	Female	Male	Female	Per cent	Number	
0–4 years	21.2	20.3	42.0	41.1	41.5	11,200	
5–9 years	13.9	13.1	27.5	26.4	27.0	7,300	
10–14 years	11.1	11.0	21.9	22.3	22.1	5,900	
15–17 years	4.3	5.0	8.6	10.2	9.4	2,500	
Total	50.6	49.4	100.0	100.0	100.0	. .	
Total (number)	13,600	13,300	13,600	13,300	. .	26,900	
Mean age (years)	. .	. .	6.6	6.8	. .	6.7	
Median age (years)	. .	. .	6	6	. .	6	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 0.
2.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A11: Accompanying children: rate per 10,000 population aged 0–17 years by age and mean and median age, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Reporting period	0–4
years	5–9
years	10–14
years	15–17
years	Total	Mean age
(years)	Median age
(years)	
2006–07	275	176	138	72	173	6.5	6	
2007–08	275	187	142	81	179	6.5	6	
2008–09	292	199	147	91	192	6.5	6	
2009–10	314	216	164	106	211	6.6	6	
2010–11	316	221	177	119	219	6.7	6	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 0.
2.	The rate per 10,000 population is estimated by comparing the number of accompanying children aged 17 years and under in the reporting year with the estimated resident population aged 17 years and under at the start of the reporting year. Note this may not match data reported in previous reports due to adjustments in ABS population estimates.
3.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
4.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection; ABS 2011.

Table A12: Service users: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status by sex, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Male	
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people	7.3	7.8	8.0	7.2	8.2	
Non-Indigenous	92.7	92.2	92.0	92.8	91.8	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	21,500	22,200	22,400	24,100	25,500	
Female	
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people	7.8	8.5	8.1	7.6	8.5	
Non-Indigenous	92.2	91.5	91.9	92.4	91.5	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	30,900	32,400	32,200	35,700	37,200	
Total	
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people	7.6	8.2	8.0	7.4	8.4	
Non-Indigenous	92.4	91.8	92.0	92.6	91.6	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	52,300	54,500	54,600	59,900	62,800	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 6,000 in 2006–07; 3,500 in 2007–08; 4,000 in 2008–09; 5,200 in 2009–10; 5,700 in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A13: Clients: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status by sex, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Male	
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people	5.7	5.3	6.4	6.1	7.2	
Non-Indigenous	94.3	94.7	93.6	93.9	92.8	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	11,600	11,900	11,800	12,600	13,500	
Female	
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people	6.6	7.1	7.1	6.9	8.2	
Non-Indigenous	93.4	92.9	92.9	93.1	91.8	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	21,100	22,500	21,800	24,300	25,600	
Total	
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people	6.3	6.5	6.9	6.6	7.9	
Non-Indigenous	93.7	93.5	93.1	93.4	92.1	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	32,700	34,400	33,600	36,900	39,100	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 5,200 in 2006–07; 2,200 in 2007–08; 1,900 in 2008–09; 2,200 in 2009–10; 2,500 in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A14: Accompanying children: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people	9.8	11.2	9.9	8.7	9.3	
Non-Indigenous	90.2	88.8	90.1	91.3	90.7	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	19,600	20,200	21,000	23,000	23,700	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 900 in 2006–07; 1,300 in 2007–08; 2,100 in 2008–09; 3,000 in 2009–10; 3,200 in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A15: Service users: 5 most common countries of birth in 2010–11, by reporting period, 
2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Country of birth	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Australia (including external territories)	86.6	86.8	86.6	85.5	86.4	
Sudan	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.9	1.7	
New Zealand	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.3	1.2	
Ethiopia	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.8	0.8	
Vietnam	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7	
Other	8.7	8.6	8.7	9.8	9.3	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	56,400	55,500	55,600	60,600	63,600	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 2,000 in 2006–07; 2,500 in 2007–08; 3,000 in 2008–09; 4,200 in 2009–10; 4,900 in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A16: Clients: 5 most common countries of birth in 2010–11, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Country of birth	2006–07(a)	2007–08	2008–09(b)	2009–10	2010–11	
Australia (including external territories)	83.2	83.4	82.9	80.9	81.7	
Sudan	1.7	1.7	1.9	2.1	1.9	
New Zealand	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.5	
Vietnam	0.9	1.0	0.9	1.1	1.0	
Ethiopia	1.0	0.8	0.9	1.0	1.0	
Other	11.5	11.5	11.8	13.3	12.8	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	36,600	35,100	34,200	37,300	39,700	
(a)	In 2006–07 the 5 most common countries of birth were: Australia, New Zealand, Sudan, Ethiopia and Vietnam.
(b)	In 2008–09 the 5 most common countries of birth were: Australia, Sudan, New Zealand, Ethiopia and Vietnam.
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 1,300 in 2006–07; 1,500 in 2007–08; 1,400 in 2008–09; 1,900 in 2009–10; 1,900 in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A17: Accompanying children: 5 most common countries of birth in 2010–11, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Country of birth	2006–07	2007–08(a)	2008–09(b)	2009–10(c)	2010–11	
Australia (including external territories)	92.9	92.8	92.7	92.9	94.2	
Sudan	1.6	1.8	1.9	1.6	1.2	
New Zealand	1.1	1.1	1.3	0.8	0.6	
Ethiopia	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.3	
Vietnam	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3	
Other	3.5	3.7	3.7	4.2	3.4	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	19,900	20,500	21,400	23,400	23,900	
(a)	In 2007–08 the 5 most common countries of birth were Australia, Sudan, New Zealand, Kenya and Vietnam.
(b)	In 2008–09 the 5 most common countries of birth were Australia, Sudan, New Zealand, Somalia and Kenya.
(c)	In 2009–10 the 5 most common countries of birth were Australia, Sudan, New Zealand, Ethiopia and Kenya
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 600 in 2006–07; 900 in 2007–08; 1,700 in 2008–09; 2,300 in 2009–10; 3,000 in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A18: Support periods: client group, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Client group	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Male alone, under 25	8.9	8.5	9.0	8.2	7.8	
Male alone, 25+	28.8	26.2	24.4	24.6	25.1	
Female alone, under 25	12.0	11.8	11.3	10.8	11.0	
Female alone, 25+	22.0	23.6	20.5	21.1	21.4	
Couple no children	3.1	2.9	3.5	3.9	4.0	
Couple with children	3.5	3.4	4.2	4.2	4.4	
Male with children	1.2	1.3	1.5	1.7	2.0	
Female with children	20.0	21.4	23.8	24.1	23.1	
Other	0.6	0.8	1.9	1.4	1.2	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	74,800	69,300	66,700	75,100	82,100	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 1,000 in 2006–07; 1,000 in 2007–08; 100 in 2008–09; 100 in 2009–10; 100 in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A19: Support periods: main reason for seeking assistance, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Main reason for seeking assistance	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Interpersonal relationships	41.8	41.1	44.0	43.6	42.6	
Time out from family/other situation	7.8	6.0	6.7	5.3	5.6	
Relationship/family breakdown	8.4	8.2	8.7	8.4	8.3	
Interpersonal conflict	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.3	2.3	
Sexual abuse	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	
Domestic/family violence	22.1	23.2	24.8	26.3	25.3	
Physical/emotional abuse	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.9	
Financial	19.5	19.7	17.4	19.4	19.9	
Gambling	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	
Budgeting problems	4.9	5.9	6.0	7.1	7.3	
Rent too high	0.9	1.1	1.2	1.0	1.0	
Other financial difficulty	13.5	12.6	10.1	11.1	11.4	
Accommodation	20.1	21.9	21.5	21.5	22.6	
Overcrowding issues	2.8	2.8	3.3	3.3	3.2	
Eviction/asked to leave	7.6	8.7	7.9	7.4	7.6	
Emergency accommodation ended	2.7	2.5	2.5	3.2	3.0	
Previous accommodation ended	7.0	8.0	7.8	7.6	8.8	
Health	5.7	5.5	5.3	5.1	5.0	
Mental health issues	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.8	1.7	
Problematic drug/alcohol/substance use	2.3	1.8	1.7	1.5	1.7	
Psychiatric illness	0.6	0.8	0.7	0.5	0.5	
Other health issues	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.1	
Other reasons	13.0	11.7	11.8	10.5	9.9	
Gay/lesbian/transgender issues	—	—	—	—	—	
Recently left institution	0.8	1.0	1.0	0.9	0.9	
Recent arrival to area with no means of support	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.1	1.0	
Itinerant	1.9	2.0	2.3	2.3	2.3	
Other	8.7	7.2	6.8	6.1	5.7	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	74,100	68,700	65,100	73,400	80,400	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 1,700 in 2006–07; 1,600 in 2007–08; 1,700 in 2008–09; 1,800 in 2009–10; 1,700 in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A20: Support periods: main reason for seeking assistance, by client group, 2010–11 (per cent)
Main reason for 
seeking assistance	Male
alone
under 25	Male
alone
25+	Female
alone
under 25	Female
alone
25+	Couple
no
children	Couple
with
children	Male
with
children	Female
with
children	Other	
Interpersonal relationships	35.6	17.8	56.4	57.2	23.8	17.9	19.3	61.3	54.2	
Time out from family/
other situation	7.4	9.8	6.5	3.6	5.6	3.3	2.4	2.7	6.2	
Relationship/family breakdown	19.8	3.9	19.3	3.9	8.7	6.1	11.9	7.7	16.2	
Interpersonal conflict	4.1	1.9	3.8	1.9	3.6	2.3	2.1	1.5	2.8	
Sexual abuse	0.1	—	0.6	0.4	0.1	0.2	—	0.4	0.9	
Domestic/family violence	3.6	2.0	25.0	46.2	5.2	5.5	2.5	47.8	26.9	
Physical/emotional abuse	0.6	0.2	1.2	1.3	0.7	0.5	0.4	1.2	1.3	
Financial	15.3	32.9	10.3	17.3	22.7	24.3	28.0	12.4	9.2	
Gambling	—	0.4	—	0.1	—	—	—	—	—	
Budgeting problems	5.1	11.5	3.7	6.2	8.6	10.9	12.7	5.1	2.5	
Rent too high	0.7	1.0	0.8	0.9	1.8	1.6	0.8	1.1	1.3	
Other financial difficulty	9.4	20.1	5.8	10.1	12.3	11.8	14.5	6.1	5.4	
Accommodation	30.5	23.7	20.8	13.4	39.1	45.4	37.7	19.9	19.6	
Overcrowding issues	3.7	1.1	3.9	1.2	6.0	9.0	6.8	4.9	4.5	
Eviction/asked to leave	11.0	6.4	7.0	4.3	14.7	18.2	12.1	7.6	9.0	
Emergency accommodation ended	4.4	4.3	2.4	1.9	5.0	4.3	4.4	1.6	1.9	
Previous accommodation ended	11.4	11.8	7.6	6.0	13.4	13.8	14.4	5.7	4.1	
Health	5.1	10.5	3.3	4.7	3.9	2.3	4.3	1.1	2.8	
Mental health issues	2.3	3.1	1.5	1.8	0.8	0.5	1.0	0.4	0.9	
Problematic drug/ alcohol/substance use	1.9	4.1	0.9	1.2	1.3	0.5	1.4	0.2	1.3	
Psychiatric illness	0.4	1.2	0.2	0.7	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.1	0.2	
Other health issues	0.6	2.1	0.7	1.0	1.5	0.9	1.3	0.4	0.5	
Other reasons	13.5	15.1	9.2	7.4	10.4	10.1	10.7	5.3	14.1	
Gay/lesbian/
transgender issues	0.1	—	—	0.1	0.2	—	—	—	0.1	
Recently left institution	2.9	1.6	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.2	1.2	0.1	0.5	
Recent arrival to area with no means of support	1.6	1.3	0.8	0.6	1.0	2.0	1.0	0.6	0.8	
Itinerant	3.0	4.0	1.7	1.3	3.7	1.9	2.4	1.0	4.6	
Other	6.0	8.2	6.1	4.8	4.9	5.9	6.1	3.5	8.2	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	6,200	20,300	8,800	17,300	3,200	3,500	1,600	18,600	800	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 1,800.
2.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A21: Closed support periods: length of support, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 
(per cent)
Length of support	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
1 week or less	59.9	57.4	54.5	60.9	61.2	
>1 week–1 month	13.4	12.0	12.2	10.2	9.8	
>1–3 months	15.0	18.2	19.7	16.1	15.2	
>3–6 months	6.0	6.7	7.3	6.8	6.7	
>6 months	5.7	5.7	6.3	6.0	7.1	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	68,300	63,100	59,400	65,200	74,000	
Mean length (days)	42	44	49	44	49	
Median length (days)	1	2	4	1	1	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 0.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A22: Closed support periods: mean and median length of support by client group, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (days)
Client group	Mean	Median	
	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Male alone, under 25	54	57	63	65	77	10	11	20	11	8	
Male alone, 25+	18	20	22	19	22	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	
Female alone, under 25	55	66	64	65	70	13	14	21	12	10	
Female alone, 25+	28	35	37	30	37	<1	1	1	<1	1	
Couple no children	56	49	58	49	49	13	8	13	<1	1	
Couple with children	88	89	86	71	87	27	27	21	9	1	
Male with children	83	91	82	66	55	25	32	24	1	<1	
Female with children	73	67	68	65	73	21	21	20	11	9	
Other	73	76	99	68	81	6	4	27	13	13	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 700 in 2006–07; 700 in 2007–08; 100 in 2008–09; 100 in 2009–10; 100 in 
2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A23: Closed support periods in which clients were accommodated: total length of accommodation, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Length of accommodation	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
1 day to 1 week	28.5	27.1	26.5	26.7	29.5	
>1 week–1 month	24.7	23.7	25.0	21.6	20.0	
>1–3 months	23.4	26.7	28.5	28.7	25.6	
>3–6 months	9.6	10.4	9.5	10.4	10.3	
>6 months	13.8	12.1	10.5	12.6	14.5	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	10,200	8,600	4,900	5,100	5,700	
Mean length (days)	85	84	79	86	99	
Median length (days)	24	28	27	29	29	
Accommodation starting and ending on the same date (number)	1,000	800	300	300	200	
Total closed support periods with accommodation (number)	11,200	9,400	5,200	5,500	6,000	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 1,100 in 2006–07; 800 in 2007–08; 2,100 in 2008–09; 700 in 2009–10; 300 in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Accommodation data are reported differently in Victoria to other jurisdictions (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).
4.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A24: Closed support periods in which clients were accommodated: mean and median length of accommodation by client group, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (days)
Client group	Mean	Median	
	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Male alone, under 25	77	89	72	94	104	26	33	33	33	41	
Male alone, 25+	58	64	64	68	71	22	25	28	37	31	
Female alone, under 25	91	87	87	88	92	25	32	32	29	27	
Female alone, 25+	66	70	56	55	66	13	14	15	18	12	
Couple no children	94	89	79	116	97	33	37	33	41	41	
Couple with children	159	182	172	168	243	89	99	97	103	161	
Male with children	130	162	170	168	128	72	96	74	75	59	
Female with children	96	90	87	87	114	27	30	23	26	23	
Other	83	92	86	139	130	18	30	84	38	36	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 1,200 in 2006–07; 900 in 2007–08; 2,000 in 2008–09; 700 in 2009–10; 300 in 2010–11.
2.	Table excludes accommodation that started and ended on the same date.
3.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
4.	Accommodation data are reported differently in Victoria to other jurisdictions (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).
5.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A25: Closed support periods: type of support required by clients, by reporting period, 
2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Type of support	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Housing/accommodation	46.3	45.6	43.2	38.4	36.0	
SAAP/CAP accommodation(a)	24.0	22.2	16.2	12.0	11.1	
Assistance to obtain/maintain short-term accommodation	13.9	14.1	23.5	22.7	20.0	
Assistance to obtain/maintain medium-term accommodation	10.0	9.8	4.4	2.4	2.3	
Assistance to obtain/maintain independent housing	21.6	21.3	22.8	20.8	20.1	
Financial/employment	45.7	46.1	41.3	38.5	39.6	
Assistance to obtain/maintain government allowance	5.9	8.1	11.1	5.9	5.8	
Employment and training assistance	4.8	4.7	4.8	3.7	3.8	
Financial assistance/material aid	39.7	39.1	34.5	34.2	34.1	
Financial counselling and support	8.9	11.0	8.9	4.0	5.8	
Personal support	54.0	47.9	47.7	44.3	43.3	
Incest/sexual assault	1.4	1.2	1.3	0.9	0.8	
Domestic/family violence	20.4	21.2	21.7	23.4	20.4	
Family/relationship	12.4	15.6	13.4	7.5	9.5	
Emotional support	47.9	41.8	39.7	36.5	36.4	
Assistance with problem gambling	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	
General support/advocacy	81.9	82.4	75.8	72.3	71.6	
Living skills/personal development	15.8	15.0	15.8	9.1	9.3	
Assistance with legal issues/court support	9.4	9.2	9.1	9.4	8.8	
Advice/information	75.3	75.3	69.7	64.5	64.7	
Retrieval/storage/removal of belongings	8.3	7.0	6.9	5.1	4.4	
Advocacy/liaison on behalf of client	39.8	42.8	39.1	40.7	38.1	
Specialist services	25.9	21.0	18.8	15.9	14.9	
Psychological services	9.9	7.0	5.6	3.9	3.6	
Specialist counselling services	4.5	4.7	4.3	3.5	3.4	
Psychiatric services	2.8	2.7	2.7	2.1	1.8	
Pregnancy support	1.0	1.1	1.0	0.7	0.7	
Family planning support	0.9	0.9	0.5	0.4	0.3	
Drug/alcohol support or intervention	4.8	4.5	4.3	3.2	3.3	
Physical disability services	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	
Intellectual disability services	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.2	
Culturally specific services	3.5	3.8	4.0	3.7	3.3	
Interpreter services	1.4	1.8	1.3	1.4	1.3	
Assistance with immigration services	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.9	
Health/medical services	10.9	8.3	7.6	6.1	5.8	
Basic support/other n.e.s.	33.0	27.5	30.6	27.3	26.7	
Meals	13.7	10.1	10.2	8.5	7.7	
Laundry/shower facilities	12.3	9.1	9.5	8.0	7.3	
Recreation	10.3	6.1	6.5	5.0	4.5	
Transport	13.2	13.1	13.0	10.6	9.6	
Other	13.4	11.0	16.3	14.8	15.3	
No needs recorded	0.7	0.9	1.5	0.9	2.1	
Total (number)	66,200	60,300	57,000	61,500	68,500	
(a)	‘SAAP/CAP accommodation’ refers to what is now known as ‘specialist homelessness accommodation’. Accommodation data are reported differently in Victoria to other jurisdictions (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted) (closed support periods with no information on support requirements or provision): 2,200 in 2006–07; 2,800 in 2007–08; 2,400 in 2008–09; 3,700 in 2009–10; 5,600 in 2010–11.
2.	Clients were able to receive multiple types of support, so the percentages do not add to 100.
3.	A client may require more than one type of support within a broad type of assistance. 
4.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
5.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A26: Closed support periods: type of support required by clients, by client group, 2010–11 
(per cent)
Type of support	Male
alone
under 25	Male
alone
25+	Female
alone
under 25	Female
alone
25+	Couple
no
children	Couple
with
children	Male
with
children	Female
with
children	Other	
Housing/accommodation	53.5	25.4	48.9	26.4	48.9	44.3	35.5	43.9	54.5	
SAAP/CAP accommodation(a)	15.5	9.0	14.2	8.3	8.8	10.3	7.5	14.1	17.3	
Assistance to obtain/
maintain short-term accommodation	33.0	15.0	28.4	14.2	26.1	25.3	20.2	22.5	32.8	
Assistance to obtain/
maintain medium-term accommodation	4.6	3.3	3.3	1.1	2.7	1.6	0.7	1.5	4.5	
Assistance to obtain/maintain independent housing	28.4	13.7	26.3	13.2	33.0	28.9	23.4	25.8	31.9	
Financial/employment	45.1	46.9	37.7	32.9	42.9	45.0	49.1	37.8	29.6	
Assistance to obtain/
maintain government allowance	11.7	5.4	10.8	3.4	5.0	3.4	4.1	6.4	6.0	
Employment and training assistance	13.7	3.0	9.3	1.0	3.6	2.3	2.5	2.1	6.2	
Financial assistance/material aid	33.1	43.7	26.9	29.1	37.6	37.7	43.6	31.9	25.4	
Financial counselling and support	8.2	3.7	7.4	4.2	8.0	11.0	7.8	7.6	4.5	
Personal support	35.0	21.2	52.9	56.3	34.3	36.5	32.8	64.3	51.6	
Incest/sexual assault	0.4	0.1	2.1	0.9	0.4	0.3	0.3	1.5	0.4	
Domestic/family violence	2.8	0.4	22.5	39.5	3.6	4.9	2.2	44.1	24.1	
Family/relationship	14.4	4.6	15.2	7.4	11.4	14.8	11.6	12.6	11.1	
Emotional support	29.9	20.1	43.4	46.2	30.6	32.2	30.2	54.4	43.1	
Assistance with problem gambling	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	—	0.1	0.1	—	
General support/advocacy	73.4	64.7	75.4	72.5	75.7	72.3	72.3	78.1	65.1	
Living skills/personal development	21.4	7.8	18.4	5.3	8.7	8.3	7.0	7.2	13.5	
Assistance with legal issues/
court support	7.8	3.5	9.2	12.5	3.2	3.6	3.3	17.1	8.1	
Advice/information	63.1	57.9	66.0	65.8	69.6	67.2	63.9	72.8	60.0	
Retrieval/storage/removal of belongings	7.6	4.5	6.8	3.5	4.3	3.4	2.5	4.1	6.6	
Advocacy/liaison on behalf of client	36.9	28.9	40.0	41.5	41.5	42.1	40.5	50.8	43.7	
Specialist services	17.8	13.2	18.5	16.1	12.4	9.1	8.1	17.3	20.3	
Psychological services	4.1	6.2	3.1	3.6	2.1	0.8	1.3	1.8	4.5	
Specialist counselling services	4.7	2.5	5.3	3.2	1.2	1.4	1.6	5.3	2.8	
Psychiatric services	2.7	3.1	1.6	1.6	1.5	0.6	0.8	0.6	2.2	
Pregnancy support	0.1	—	2.5	0.4	1.5	1.5	0.4	1.1	3.6	
Family planning support	0.5	—	1.1	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.4	2.4	
Drug/alcohol support or intervention	8.3	4.8	3.5	2.1	3.1	1.9	2.9	1.5	2.6	
Physical disability services	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	
Intellectual disability services	0.6	0.1	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.8	
Culturally specific services	3.1	0.4	3.8	5.3	2.6	1.7	1.3	6.3	4.6	
Interpreter services	0.4	0.2	1.1	2.4	0.8	0.5	0.3	3.0	2.3	
Assistance with immigration services	0.4	0.1	1.3	2.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	2.0	1.4	
Health/medical services	9.0	6.2	8.1	4.7	5.8	3.8	3.1	5.0	10.6	
Basic support/other n.e.s.	29.1	28.7	29.5	23.2	18.5	20.9	18.3	30.3	29.9	
Meals	13.4	7.5	11.8	6.3	5.3	1.9	2.7	6.4	12.1	
Laundry/shower facilities	10.2	11.5	8.7	5.1	3.9	0.8	1.9	4.5	10.2	
Recreation	10.0	4.4	7.1	3.0	2.5	1.2	1.7	3.5	8.5	
Transport	16.5	6.6	16.2	8.7	9.6	7.2	7.0	11.0	11.0	
Other	10.3	16.2	12.8	13.5	7.9	16.2	13.0	22.4	16.0	
No needs recorded	1.6	0.8	1.5	2.2	2.0	5.6	4.0	3.5	6.7	
Total (number)	5,200	19,100	7,300	15,100	2,800	2,900	1,400	14,900	600	
(a)	‘SAAP/CAP accommodation’ refers to what is now known as ‘specialist homelessness accommodation’. Accommodation data are reported differently in Victoria to other jurisdictions (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 4,900 (including those with no information on support requirements or provision).
2.	Clients were able to receive multiple types of support, so the percentages do not add to 100. 
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A27: Type of support required by clients in closed support periods, by provision, 2010–11
Part a: Individual types of support (percentage of closed support periods)
	Not provided	Provided		Closed
support
periods
(number)	
Type of support	Neither
provided
nor
referred	Referred
only	Sub-total	Provided
only	Provided
and
referred	Sub-total	Total		
Housing/accommodation		
SAAP/CAP accommodation(a)	7.3	9.9	17.2	71.5	11.3	82.8	100.0	7,600	
Assistance to obtain/maintain 
short-term accommodation	7.2	10.2	17.4	61.7	20.9	82.6	100.0	13,700	
Assistance to obtain/maintain 
medium-term accommodation	18.3	6.8	25.1	60.8	14.1	74.9	100.0	1,600	
Assistance to obtain/maintain independent housing	7.7	8.1	15.8	66.1	18.1	84.2	100.0	13,800	
Financial/employment		
Assistance to obtain/maintain government allowance	4.9	8.2	13.1	71.4	15.5	86.9	100.0	4,000	
Employment and training assistance	17.4	20.4	37.8	47.4	14.9	62.3	100.0	2,600	
Financial assistance/material aid	1.4	3.3	4.7	88.6	6.6	95.2	100.0	23,400	
Financial counselling and support	5.2	15.4	20.6	66.9	12.5	79.4	100.0	4,000	
Personal support		
Incest/sexual assault	11.3	27.3	38.6	39.7	21.7	61.4	100.0	600	
Domestic/family violence	3.4	3.7	7.1	82.9	9.9	92.8	100.0	14,000	
Family/relationship	4.7	6.3	11.0	79.7	9.3	89.0	100.0	6,500	
Emotional support	1.2	1.6	2.8	90.8	6.4	97.2	100.0	24,900	
Assistance with problem gambling	19.8	37.4	57.2	33.0	9.9	42.9	100.0	100	
General support/advocacy		
Living skills/personal development	5.3	3.3	8.6	85.6	5.8	91.4	100.0	6,400	
Assistance with legal issues/
court support	6.1	8.5	14.6	62.6	22.8	85.4	100.0	6,000	
Advice/information	0.9	0.4	1.3	94.6	4.2	98.8	100.0	44,300	
Retrieval/storage/removal of belongings	4.1	3.9	8.0	85.7	6.3	92.0	100.0	3,000	
Advocacy/liaison on behalf of client	1.3	2.9	4.2	87.8	8.0	95.8	100.0	26,100	
Specialist services		
Psychological services	13.2	22.7	35.9	50.7	13.4	64.1	100.0	2,500	
Specialist counselling services	16.6	32.7	49.3	23.1	27.6	50.7	100.0	2,300	
Psychiatric services	18.1	26.8	44.9	34.2	21.0	55.2	100.0	1,200	
Pregnancy support	6.4	19.9	26.3	54.0	19.7	73.7	100.0	500	
Family planning support	10.4	27.7	38.1	40.1	21.8	61.9	100.0	200	
Drug/alcohol support or intervention	15.4	20.3	35.7	34.0	30.3	64.3	100.0	2,200	
Physical disability services	6.7	42.3	49.0	26.0	25.0	51.0	100.0	100	
Intellectual disability services	20.2	34.7	54.9	29.0	16.1	45.1	100.0	100	
Culturally specific services	2.3	6.7	9.0	70.4	20.6	91.0	100.0	2,200	
Interpreter services	1.0	4.7	5.7	78.9	15.4	94.3	100.0	900	
Assistance with immigration issues	5.1	19.4	24.5	38.5	37.0	75.5	100.0	600	
Health/medical services	5.7	25.4	31.1	44.9	24.0	68.9	100.0	4,000	
Basic support/other n.e.s.		
Meals	0.6	1.2	1.8	95.0	3.2	98.2	100.0	5,300	
Laundry/shower facilities	0.5	0.4	0.9	98.1	1.1	99.2	100.0	5,000	
Recreation	5.3	2.6	7.9	89.3	2.8	92.1	100.0	3,100	
Transport	2.7	0.8	3.5	93.3	3.3	96.6	100.0	6,600	
Other	2.8	5.2	8.0	80.7	11.3	92.0	100.0	10,500	
 (continued)
Table A27 (continued): Type of support required by clients in closed support periods, by provision, 2010–11
Part b: Broad types of support (percentage of distinct types of support required)
	Not provided	Provided		Distinct
types of
support
required
(number)	Closed
support
periods
(number)	
Broad type of support	Neither
provided
nor referred	Referred
only	Subtotal	Provided
only	Provided
and
referred	Subtotal	Total			
Housing/
accommodation	7.9	9.2	17.1	65.3	17.6	82.9	100.0	36,700	24,700	
Financial/
employment	3.5	6.6	10.1	80.9	9.0	89.9	100.0	33,900	27,100	
Personal support	2.5	3.3	5.8	86.1	8.1	94.2	100.0	46,100	29,700	
General support/
advocacy	1.8	2.1	3.9	89.3	6.8	96.1	100.0	85,800	49,000	
Specialist services	10.0	21.7	31.7	45.4	22.9	68.3	100.0	17,000	10,200	
Basic support/
other n.e.s.	2.3	2.5	4.8	89.6	5.6	95.2	100.0	30,400	18,200	
Total (%)	3.7	5.3	9.0	81.1	9.9	91.0	100.0	. .	. .	
Total (number)	9,200	13,400	22,600	202,700	24,700	227,400	. .	249,900	67,000	
(a)	‘SAAP/CAP accommodation’ refers to what is now known as ‘specialist homelessness accommodation’. Accommodation data are reported differently in Victoria to other jurisdictions (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).
Notes for tables A27 and A28
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted) (closed support periods with no information on support requirements or provision): 3,700 in 2009–10; 5,600 in 2010–11.
2.	In broad groups of support types, a client may require more than one type of support within the group. The percentages for broad groups relate to all needs and not to support periods. For individual types of support, a need can be recorded only once within a support period, so the percentages relate to support periods.
3.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
4.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A28: Broad types of support required in closed support periods, by provision, 2009–10 (percentage of distinct types of support required)
	Not provided	Provided		Distinct
types of
support
required
(number)	Closed
support
periods
(number)	
Broad type of support	Neither
provided
nor referred	Referred
only	Subtotal	Provided
only	Provided
and
referred	Subtotal	Total			
Housing/
accommodation	8.1	8.2	16.3	65.5	18.2	83.7	100.0	35,600	23,600	
Financial/
employment	4.3	6.6	10.9	79.9	9.2	89.1	100.0	29,400	23,700	
Personal support	3.2	3.2	6.4	85.5	8.2	93.7	100.0	42,100	27,300	
General support/
advocacy	2.0	1.8	3.8	89.7	6.4	96.1	100.0	79,300	44,500	
Specialist services	10.8	21.7	32.5	42.6	24.9	67.5	100.0	16,300	9,800	
Basic support/
other n.e.s.	3.7	2.1	5.8	88.9	5.3	94.2	100.0	28,900	16,800	
Total (%)	4.3	5.1	9.4	80.6	10.1	90.6	100.0	. .	. .	
Total (number)	9,900	11,800	21,700	186,700	23,300	210,000	. .	231,700	61,000	
Table A29: Closed accompanying child support periods: type of support required by accompanying children, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Type of support	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Accommodation	52.6	51.0	61.8	53.2	48.4	
SAAP/CAP accommodation(a)	52.6	51.0	61.8	53.2	48.4	
School liaison/child care	22.9	19.4	18.4	14.2	11.0	
School liaison	14.5	11.6	11.9	8.4	6.5	
Child care	10.3	8.7	7.7	6.7	5.2	
Personal support	16.5	15.3	14.1	11.2	8.5	
Help with behavioural problems	8.9	7.7	8.2	5.5	4.5	
Sexual/physical abuse support	4.1	3.0	2.6	1.5	1.9	
Skills education	3.8	4.3	2.6	2.5	1.4	
Structured play/skill development	6.7	7.2	6.3	5.0	2.9	
General support/advocacy	48.2	48.7	47.4	51.5	51.7	
Access arrangements	7.2	7.9	5.3	4.2	3.4	
Advice/information	28.7	28.0	28.4	34.5	33.8	
Advocacy	33.2	32.3	33.2	34.3	34.3	
Specialist services	18.8	17.5	17.5	13.3	10.9	
Specialist counselling	7.5	7.0	7.1	6.0	4.7	
Culturally specific services	6.5	6.1	6.5	3.5	2.7	
Health/medical services	8.7	8.8	7.9	6.2	4.8	
Basic support/other n.e.s.	51.0	42.9	38.2	37.8	34.3	
Meals	22.8	20.5	19.9	15.3	14.6	
Showers/hygiene	17.3	18.2	16.9	11.6	12.0	
Recreation	17.4	15.4	15.3	10.5	11.2	
Transport	27.0	24.7	24.4	17.6	13.4	
Other	19.0	11.8	10.5	17.0	14.0	
No needs recorded	0.6	1.5	1.1	2.8	4.3	
Total (number)	10,800	9,700	8,700	9,500	9,900	
(a)	‘SAAP/CAP accommodation’ refers to what is now known as ‘specialist homelessness accommodation’. Accommodation data are reported differently in Victoria to other jurisdictions (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted) (closed support periods with no information on support requirements or provision): 16,700 in 2006–07; 16,900 in 2007–08; 20,700 in 2008–09; 23,800 in 2009–10; 28,200 in 2010–11. In the majority of these, ‘no assistance’ was indicated as required for the accompanying child.
2.	Accompanying children were able to receive multiple types of support, so the percentages do not add to 100.
3.	An accompanying child may require more than one type of support within a broad type of assistance. 
4.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
5.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A30: Type of support required by accompanying children in closed support periods, by provision, 2010–11
Part a: Individual types of support (percentage of closed accompanying child support periods)
	Not provided	Provided		Closed
accom-panying
child
support
periods
(number)	
Type of support	Neither
provided
nor
referred	Referred
only	Subtotal	Provided
only	Provided
and
referred	Subtotal	Total		
Accommodation		
SAAP/CAP accommodation(a)	1.5	7.1	8.6	77.5	13.9	91.4	100.0	4,800	
School liaison/child care		
School liaison	4.6	8.8	13.4	68.6	18.0	86.6	100.0	600	
Child care	4.8	24.8	29.6	54.3	16.0	70.3	100.0	500	
Personal support		
Help with behavioural problems	7.8	23.6	31.4	47.7	20.9	68.6	100.0	400	
Sexual/physical abuse support	4.2	21.0	25.2	55.1	19.8	74.9	100.0	200	
Skills education	4.0	11.3	15.3	72.6	12.1	84.7	100.0	100	
Structured play/skill development	7.4	17.5	24.9	68.1	7.0	75.1	100.0	300	
General support/advocacy		
Access arrangements	8.3	23.2	31.5	51.3	17.2	68.5	100.0	300	
Advice/information	0.6	1.6	2.2	76.6	21.3	97.9	100.0	3,300	
Advocacy	0.6	0.9	1.5	78.0	20.5	98.5	100.0	3,400	
Specialist services		
Specialist counselling	8.7	44.2	52.9	23.9	23.2	47.1	100.0	500	
Culturally specific services	3.0	5.5	8.5	77.4	14.0	91.4	100.0	300	
Health/medical services	1.7	32.1	33.8	44.9	21.4	66.3	100.0	500	
Basic support/other n.e.s.		
Meals	0.9	0.7	1.6	93.6	4.9	98.5	100.0	1,400	
Showers/hygiene	0.9	0.1	1.0	94.8	4.3	99.1	100.0	1,200	
Recreation	1.9	4.5	6.4	86.8	6.7	93.5	100.0	1,100	
Transport	1.1	0.5	1.6	93.5	4.9	98.4	100.0	1,300	
Other	1.1	6.2	7.3	81.8	10.9	92.7	100.0	1,400	
(continued)

Table A30 (continued): Type of support required by accompanying children in closed support periods, by provision, 2010–11
Part b: Broad types of support (percentage of distinct types of support required)
	Not provided	Provided		Distinct
types of
support
required
(number)	Closed
accom-panying
child
support
period
(number)	
Broad type of support	Neither
provided
nor
referred	Referred
only	Sub-
total	Provided
only	Provided
and
referred	Sub-
total	Total			
Accommodation	1.5	7.1	8.6	77.5	13.9	91.4	100.0	4,800	4,800	
School liaison/
child care	4.7	16.0	20.7	62.2	17.1	79.3	100.0	1,200	1,100	
Personal support	6.6	19.9	26.5	57.8	15.8	73.6	100.0	1,100	800	
General support/
advocacy	1.0	2.3	3.3	76.1	20.7	96.8	100.0	7,100	5,100	
Specialist services	4.7	30.9	35.6	43.9	20.5	64.4	100.0	1,200	1,100	
Basic support/
other n.e.s.	1.1	2.4	3.5	90.1	6.4	96.5	100.0	6,500	3,400	
Total (%)	1.8	6.5	8.4	77.1	14.5	91.6	100.0	. .	. .	
Total (number)	400	1,400	1,800	16,800	3,200	20,000	. .	21,800	9,500	
(a)	‘SAAP/CAP accommodation’ refers to what is now known as ‘specialist homelessness accommodation’. Accommodation data are reported differently in Victoria to other jurisdictions (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).
Notes for tables A30 and A31
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted) (closed support periods with no information on support requirements or provision): 23,800 in 2009–10; 28,200 in 2010–11. In the majority of these, ‘no assistance’ was indicated as required for the accompanying child.
2.	In broad groups of support types, an accompanying child may require more than one type of support within the group. The percentages for broad groups relate to all needs and not to support periods. For individual types of support, a need can be recorded only once within a support period, so the percentages relate to accompanying child support periods.
3.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
4.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A31: Broad types of support required by accompanying children in closed support periods, by provision, 2009–10 (percentage of distinct types of support required)
	Not provided	Provided		Distinct
types of
support
required
(number)	Closed
accom-panying
child
support
periods
(number)	
Broad type of support	Neither
provided
nor
referred	Referred
only	Sub-
total	Provided
only	Provided
and
referred	Sub-
total	Total			
Accommodation	1.8	8.5	10.3	75.6	14.1	89.7	100.0	5,000	5,000	
School liaison/
child care	11.2	15.1	26.3	58.8	14.9	73.7	100.0	1,400	1,300	
Personal support	7.3	24.6	31.9	54.2	13.9	68.1	100.0	1,400	1,100	
General support/
advocacy	2.2	1.9	4.1	73.2	22.7	95.9	100.0	6,900	4,900	
Specialist services	8.1	26.5	34.6	43.4	22.0	65.4	100.0	1,500	1,300	
Basic support/
other n.e.s.	2.2	2.7	4.9	88.5	6.5	95.0	100.0	6,800	3,600	
Total (%)	3.4	7.3	10.7	74.3	15.0	89.3	100.0	. .	. .	
Total (number)	800	1,700	2,500	17,200	3,500	20,700	. .	23,100	9,200	
Table A32: Closed support periods: main source of income immediately before and after a support period, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11 (per cent)
	Closed support periods in which clients needed
assistance to obtain/maintain a pension or benefit	All closed support periods	
Main source of income	Before	After	Before	After	
			2009–10	
No income	21.6	10.1	7.2	5.4	
Government payments	71.8	84.7	84.6	86.5	
Other	6.6	5.2	8.2	8.1	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	3,700	3,500	57,900	55,600	
			2010–11	
No income	21.5	9.3	6.8	5.2	
Government payments	72.2	84.6	84.9	86.6	
Other	6.4	6.1	8.2	8.3	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	4,100	3,800	65,900	63,200	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 7,300 before support (including ‘Don’t know’), 9,600 after support (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2009–10; 8,200 before support (including ‘Don’t know’), 10,800 after support (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A33: Closed support periods: main source of income immediately after a support period by length of support, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11 (per cent)
After support	1 week or
less	>1 week–
1 month	>1–3
months	>3–6
months	>6
months	Total	
						Per cent	Number	
2009–10	
No income	5.6	6.5	5.2	4.7	3.3	5.4	3,000	
Government payments	88.1	83.6	83.3	83.7	87.0	86.5	48,100	
Other	6.3	9.9	11.5	11.6	9.6	8.1	4,500	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	. .	
Total (number)	33,600	5,500	8,900	4,100	3,600	. .	55,600	
2010–11	
No income	5.6	6.4	3.8	4.3	4.0	5.2	3,300	
Government payments	87.7	83.4	84.5	83.5	88.2	86.6	54,700	
Other	6.7	10.2	11.7	12.2	7.9	8.3	5,200	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	. .	
Total (number)	38,600	5,800	9,300	4,600	4,900	. .	63,200	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 9,601 (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2009–10; 10,800 (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A34: Closed support periods: employment status in the week before and after a support period, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11 (per cent)
	Closed support periods in which clients needed
assistance in employment and training	All closed support periods	
Employment status	Before	After	Before	After	
			2009–10	
Employed full/part time	8.2	17.2	9.1	10.0	
Unemployed (looking for work)	37.3	33.6	32.0	32.1	
Not in labour force	54.4	49.2	59.0	57.9	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	2,400	2,200	58,500	56,100	
			2010–11	
Employed full/part time	8.7	17.2	9.6	10.2	
Unemployed (looking for work)	33.0	31.7	32.6	33.0	
Not in labour force	58.3	51.0	57.8	56.8	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	2,600	2,300	66,000	63,200	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 6,700 before support (including ‘Don’t know’), 9,100 after support (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2009–10; 8,100 before support (including ‘Don’t know’), 10,800 after support (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A35: Closed support periods: employment status in the week after a support period, by length of support, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11 (per cent)
After support	1 week
or less	>1 week–
1 month	>1–3
months	>3–6
months	>6
months	Total	
						Per cent	Number	
2009–10	
Employed full/part time	6.1	13.5	15.8	17.6	18.2	10.0	5,600	
Unemployed (looking for work)	41.6	18.7	18.7	15.4	14.3	32.1	18,000	
Not in labour force	52.3	67.8	65.5	66.9	67.4	57.9	32,500	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	. .	
Total (number)	34,200	5,500	8,800	4,000	3,600	. .	56,100	
2010–11	
Employed full/part time	6.9	13.6	16.8	17.2	13.4	10.2	6,500	
Unemployed (looking for work)	43.0	16.7	16.3	16.9	18.6	33.0	20,900	
Not in labour force	50.0	69.7	66.9	65.9	68.0	56.8	35,900	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	. .	
Total (number)	38,800	5,800	9,200	4,600	4,800	. .	63,200	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 9,100 (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2009–10; 10,800 (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A36: Closed support periods: type of house/dwelling immediately before and after a support period, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Type of house/dwelling	Closed support periods in which clients
needed assistance to obtain/maintain
independent housing	All closed support periods	
	Before	After	Before	After	
			2009–10	
Improvised dwelling/sleeping rough	7.9	2.3	11.5	7.5	
Improvised dwelling/car/tent/squat	5.9	1.8	6.9	4.4	
Street/park/in the open	2.0	0.5	4.6	3.1	
House/dwelling	87.4	95.2	85.3	90.1	
House/flat	69.4	77.2	62.3	62.6	
Caravan	3.1	2.3	1.8	1.5	
Boarding/rooming house	10.3	12.2	15.2	18.1	
Hostel/hotel/motel	4.6	3.5	6.0	8.0	
Institutional setting	4.6	2.5	3.2	2.3	
Hospital	1.1	0.5	0.7	0.4	
Psychiatric institution	1.2	0.4	0.6	0.3	
Prison/youth training centre	1.0	0.5	0.6	0.4	
Other institutional setting	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.3	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	12,800	11,300	58,100	53,200	
			2010–11	
Improvised dwelling/sleeping rough	8.5	2.4	11.3	6.9	
Improvised dwelling/car/tent/squat	6.5	1.9	6.9	4.2	
Street/park/in the open	2.0	0.5	4.4	2.7	
House/dwelling	86.4	95.0	85.6	90.9	
House/flat	69.4	78.8	63.5	63.9	
Caravan	3.0	2.4	1.9	1.6	
Boarding/rooming house	9.6	10.6	14.1	16.2	
Hostel/hotel/motel	4.5	3.2	6.2	9.2	
Institutional setting	5.1	2.6	3.1	2.2	
Hospital	0.9	0.4	0.8	0.4	
Psychiatric institution	1.3	0.5	0.5	0.2	
Prison/youth training centre	1.7	0.5	0.8	0.3	
Other institutional setting	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.2	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	13,900	12,400	66,800	60,900	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 7,100 before support (including ‘Don’t know’), 12,100 after support (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2009–10; 7,300 before support (including ‘Don’t know’), 13,200 after support (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A37: Closed support periods: type of tenure immediately before and after a support period, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Type of tenure	Closed support periods in which
clients needed assistance to
obtain/maintain independent housing	All closed support
periods	
	Before	After	Before	After	
			2009–10	
SAAP/CAP funded accommodation(a)	12.4	10.1	10.8	15.5	
SAAP/CAP crisis/short-term accommodation	8.0	5.1	6.6	8.6	
SAAP/CAP medium/long-term accommodation	1.7	2.6	1.2	2.4	
Other SAAP/CAP funded accommodation	2.6	2.5	2.9	4.6	
No tenure	11.7	4.5	15.9	10.9	
Institutional setting	3.3	1.7	2.3	1.5	
Improvised dwelling/sleeping rough	5.8	1.5	10.2	6.8	
Other	2.6	1.3	3.4	2.7	
Tenure	76.0	85.4	73.4	73.5	
Purchasing/purchased own home	2.1	1.3	5.4	4.5	
Private rental	26.0	35.0	24.5	25.2	
Public housing rental	6.5	13.4	8.7	10.4	
Community housing rental	7.4	10.4	6.2	8.4	
Rent-free accommodation	9.9	6.0	8.0	5.7	
Boarding	24.1	19.3	20.6	19.3	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	12,300	10,900	54,800	50,300	
			2010–11	
SAAP/CAP funded accommodation(a)	11.2	8.6	9.1	14.1	
SAAP/CAP crisis/short-term accommodation	7.4	4.2	5.7	7.8	
SAAP/CAP medium/long-term accommodation	1.5	2.1	1.0	2.2	
Other SAAP/CAP funded accommodation	2.2	2.2	2.4	4.1	
No tenure	13.0	5.1	17.0	11.6	
Institutional setting	4.0	1.8	2.3	1.4	
Improvised dwelling/sleeping rough	6.3	1.7	10.1	6.2	
Other	2.7	1.6	4.6	3.9	
Tenure	75.8	86.3	73.9	74.3	
Purchasing/purchased own home	1.8	1.1	5.0	4.1	
Private rental	23.8	33.1	25.6	26.5	
Public housing rental	6.7	16.1	9.0	11.4	
Community housing rental	6.3	10.9	6.1	8.3	
Rent-free accommodation	10.8	6.4	7.2	5.0	
Boarding	26.5	18.8	21.0	19.0	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	13,300	12,000		62,600	57,500	
(a)	‘SAAP/CAP funded accommodation’ refers to what is now known as ‘specialist homelessness accommodation’. Accommodation data are reported differently in Victoria to other jurisdictions (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 10,400 before support (including ‘Don’t know’), 15,000 after support (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2009–10; 11,500 before support (including ‘Don’t know’), 16,500 after support (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A38: Closed support periods: type of house/dwelling occupied immediately after a support period by length of support, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11 (per cent)
After support	1 week
or less	>1 week–
1 month	>1–3
months	>3–6
months	>6
months	Total	
						Per cent	Number	
2009–10	
Improvised dwelling/sleeping rough	11.5	2.4	1.6	1.0	0.6	7.5	4,000	
House/dwelling	86.4	93.8	96.2	96.8	96.6	90.1	47,900	
Institutional setting	2.1	3.7	2.2	2.2	2.8	2.3	1,200	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	. .	
Total (number)	31,900	5,200	8,500	3,900	3,500	. .	53,200	
2010–11	
Improvised dwelling/sleeping rough	10.0	3.2	1.9	1.5	1.5	6.9	4,200	
House/dwelling	87.9	93.8	96.1	96.5	96.1	90.9	55,400	
Institutional setting	2.1	3.1	2.1	2.1	2.4	2.2	1,300	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	. .	
Total (number)	37,000	5,600	9,000	4,500	4,800	. .	60,900	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 12,100 (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2009–10; 13,200 (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A39: Closed support periods: type of tenure immediately after a support period by length of support, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11 (per cent)
After support	1 week
or less	>1 week–
1 month	>1–3
months	>3–6
months	>6
months	Total	
						Per cent	Number	
2009–10	
SAAP/CAP funded accommodation(a)	18.3	15.0	11.8	9.1	7.4	15.5	7,800	
No tenure	15.3	6.6	4.0	3.2	3.5	10.9	5,500	
Tenure	66.4	78.4	84.1	87.7	89.1	73.5	37,000	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	. .	
Total (number)	30,100	4,900	8,100	3,800	3,400	. .	50,300	
2010–11	
SAAP/CAP funded accommodation(a)	16.8	15.0	10.2	8.2	5.8	14.1	8,100	
No tenure	15.8	6.8	4.6	3.9	4.8	11.6	6,700	
Tenure	67.4	78.2	85.3	87.9	89.4	74.3	42,800	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	. .	
Total (number)	34,800	5,200	8,600	4,300	4,700	. .	57,500	
(a)	‘SAAP/CAP funded accommodation’ refers to what is now known as ‘specialist homelessness accommodation’. Accommodation data are reported differently in Victoria to other jurisdictions (see AIHW 2011a:Box 1.1).
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 15,000 (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2009–10; 16,500 (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A40: Closed support periods: living situation immediately before and after a support period, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Living situation	Before	After	
2009–10	
With both parents	1.8	1.4	
With one parent and parent’s spouse/partner	1.0	0.6	
With one parent	2.8	2.3	
With foster family	0.1	0.1	
With relatives/friends temporary	12.3	8.6	
With relatives/friends long-term	2.6	3.5	
With spouse/partner	8.5	6.3	
With spouse/partner and child(ren)	10.8	7.2	
Alone	31.8	35.7	
Alone with child(ren)	13.9	18.4	
With other unrelated persons	13.2	14.4	
Other	1.1	1.5	
Total	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	57,200	52,100	
2010–11	
With both parents	1.8	1.3	
With one parent and parent’s spouse/partner	0.9	0.6	
With one parent	2.9	2.2	
With foster family	0.1	0.1	
With relatives/friends temporary	12.3	8.3	
With relatives/friends long-term	2.9	3.6	
With spouse/partner	8.9	6.7	
With spouse/partner and child(ren)	10.0	7.2	
Alone	31.5	35.9	
Alone with child(ren)	14.2	18.7	
With other unrelated persons	13.3	14.0	
Other	1.2	1.4	
Total	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	64,900	59,100	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 8,100 before support (including ‘Don’t know’), 13,200 after support (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2009–10; 9,100 before support (including ‘Don’t know’), 15,000 after support (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A41: Closed support periods: student status immediately before and after a support period, by age, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11 (per cent)
	5–17 years	18+ years	Total	
Student status	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	
2009–10	
Not a student	52.7	50.5	94.9	94.5	92.2	91.9	
Primary/secondary student	36.4	35.3	0.9	0.8	3.1	2.8	
Post-secondary student/employment training	10.9	14.2	4.3	4.7	4.7	5.3	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	3,600	3,300	54,800	52,900	58,500	56,200	
2010–11	
Not a student	50.5	50.9	94.3	93.9	91.8	91.6	
Primary/secondary student	38.4	35.1	0.9	0.8	3.1	2.6	
Post-secondary student/employment training	11.1	13.9	4.7	5.3	5.1	5.8	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	3,800	3,400	62,600	60,400	66,400	63,800	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 6,400 before support (including ‘Don’t know’), 8,700 after support (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2009–10; 7,300 before support (including ‘Don’t know’), 9,900 after support (including ‘Don’t know’ and ‘Client left without providing any information’) in 2010–11.
2.	Table excludes closed support periods for clients aged 4 years and under.
3.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
4.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation and client non-consent.
Source: Client Collection.

Table A42: Closed support periods: existence of a case management plan by the end of a support period, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Case management plan	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
Yes	51.2	57.2	52.4	53.5	52.7	
No, client did not agree to one	9.7	5.2	4.9	6.1	6.0	
No, support period too short	37.8	36.6	34.1	31.9	32.3	
No, other reason	1.3	0.9	8.6	8.6	9.0	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	62,600	58,500	59,000	65,000	73,800	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 5,700 in 2006–07; 4,500 in 2007–08; 400 in 2008–09; 300 in 2009–10; 200 in 2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation.
Source: Client Collection.
Table A43: Closed support periods where a case management plan was in place by the end of a support period: achievement of goals, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11 (per cent)
Achievement of goals	2006–07	2007–08	2008–09	2009–10	2010–11	
All goals achieved	49.8	44.0	48.7	53.1	50.9	
Most or some goals achieved	44.6	50.2	46.8	42.2	44.1	
No goals achieved	5.6	5.8	4.4	4.7	5.0	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total (number)	31,900	32,900	30,800	34,700	38,900	
Notes
1.	Number excluded due to errors and omissions (weighted): 100 in 2006–07; 600 in 2007–08; 100 in 2008–09; <50 in 2009–10; <50 in 
2010–11.
2.	Caution should be used when comparing data across years because of changes in policy and service delivery arrangements.
3.	Figures have been weighted to adjust for agency non-participation.
Source: Client Collection.
References
ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) 2009. Experimental estimates and projections, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians 1991 to 2021. ABS cat. no. 3238.0. Canberra: ABS.
ABS 2011. Australian demographic statistics, December quarter 2010. ABS cat. no. 3101.0. Canberra: ABS.
AIHW (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare) 2011a. Government-funded specialist homelessness services: SAAP National Data Collection annual report 2010–11 Australia. Cat. no. HOU 250. Canberra: AIHW.
AIHW 2011b. Government-funded specialist homelessness services: SAAP National Data Collection annual report 2010–11 New South Wales. Cat. no. HOU 252. Canberra: AIHW.
AIHW 2011c. Government-funded specialist homelessness services: SAAP National Data Collection annual report 2010–11 Queensland. Cat. no. HOU 254. Canberra: AIHW.
AIHW 2011d. Government-funded specialist homelessness services: SAAP National Data Collection annual report 2010–11 Western Australia. Cat. no. HOU 255. Canberra: AIHW.
AIHW 2011e. Government-funded specialist homelessness services: SAAP National Data Collection annual report 2010–11 South Australia. Cat. no. HOU 256. Canberra: AIHW.
AIHW 2011f. Government-funded specialist homelessness services: SAAP National Data Collection annual report 2010–11 Tasmania. Cat. no. HOU 257. Canberra: AIHW.
AIHW 2011g. Government-funded specialist homelessness services: SAAP National Data Collection annual report 2010–11 Australian Capital Territory. Cat. no. HOU 258. Canberra: AIHW.
AIHW 2011h. Government-funded specialist homelessness services: SAAP National Data Collection annual report 2010–11 Northern Territory. Cat. no. HOU 259. Canberra: AIHW.
AIHW 2011i. Government-funded specialist homelessness services: SAAP National Data Collection annual report 2010–11: Australia appendix. Cat. no. HOU 251. Canberra: AIHW.
List of tables
Table 1.1:	Rate of service use, by state and territory, 2010–11
Table 2.1:	Sex, by state and territory, 2010–11
Table 2.2:	Mean and median age, by state and territory, 2010–11
Table 2.3:	Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status, by state and territory, 
2010–11
Table 2.4:	Country of birth, by state and territory, 2010–11
Table 3.1:	Main reason for seeking assistance (broad groups), by state and territory, 2010–11
Table 5.1:	Provision of support required by clients, by state and territory, 
2010–11
Table 5.2:	Provision of support required by accompanying children, by state and territory, 2010–11
Table 6.1:	Closed support periods: main source of income immediately before and after a support period, by state and territory, 2010–11
Table 6.2:	Closed support periods: employment status in the week before and after a support period, by state and territory, 2010–11
Table 6.3:	Closed support periods: type of house/dwelling immediately before and after a support period, by state and territory, 2010–11
Table 6.4:	Closed support periods: type of tenure immediately after a support period, by state and territory, 2010–11
Table A1:	Funding to agencies, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A2:	Agency participation rates and records returned with informed consent and valid consent, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A3:	Total support for clients and accompanying children, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A4:	Support periods and clients, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A5:	Accompanying child support periods and accompanying children, by 
reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A6:	Service users: age by sex, 2010–11
Table A7:	Service users: rate per 10,000 population by age and sex and mean and median age by sex, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A8:	Clients: age by sex, 2010–11
Table A9:	Clients: rate per 10,000 population aged 10 years and over by age and sex and mean and median age of all clients by sex, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A10:	Accompanying children: age, by sex, 2010–11
Table A11:	Accompanying children: rate per 10,000 population aged 0–17 years by age and mean and median age, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A12:	Service users: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status by sex, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A13:	Clients: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status by sex, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A14:	Accompanying children: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A15:	Service users: 5 most common countries of birth in 2010–11, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A16:	Clients: 5 most common countries of birth in 2010–11, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A17:	Accompanying children: 5 most common countries of birth in 
2010–11, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A18:	Support periods: client group, by reporting period, 
2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A19:	Support periods: main reason for seeking assistance, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A20:	Support periods: main reason for seeking assistance, by client group, 2010–11
Table A21:	Closed support periods: length of support, by reporting period, 
2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A22:	Closed support periods: mean and median length of support by client group, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A23:	Closed support periods in which clients were accommodated: total length of accommodation, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A24:	Closed support periods in which clients were accommodated: mean and median length of accommodation by client group, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A25:	Closed support periods: type of support required by clients, by reporting period,  2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A26:	Closed support periods: type of support required by clients, by client group, 2010–11
Table A27:	Type of support required by clients in closed support periods, by provision, 2010–11
Table A28:	Broad types of support required in closed support periods, by provision, 2009–10
Table A29:	Closed accompanying child support periods: type of support required by accompanying children, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A30:	Type of support required by accompanying children in closed support periods, by provision, 2010–11
Table A31:	Broad types of support required by accompanying children in closed support periods, by provision, 2009–10
Table A32:	Closed support periods: main source of income immediately before and after a support period, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11
Table A33:	Closed support periods: main source of income immediately after a support period by length of support, by reporting period, 
2009–10 to 2010–11
Table A34:	Closed support periods: employment status in the week before and after a support period, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11
Table A35:	Closed support periods: employment status in the week after a support period, by length of support, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11
Table A36:	Closed support periods: type of house/dwelling immediately before and after a support period, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11
Table A37:	Closed support periods: type of tenure immediately before and after a support period, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11
Table A38:	Closed support periods: type of house/dwelling occupied immediately after a support period by length of support, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11
Table A39:	Closed support periods: type of tenure immediately after a support period by length of support, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11
Table A40:	Closed support periods: living situation immediately before and after a support period, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11
Table A41:	Closed support periods: student status immediately before and after a support period, by age, by reporting period, 2009–10 to 2010–11
Table A42:	Closed support periods: existence of a case management plan by the end of a support period, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11
Table A43:	Closed support periods where a case management plan was in place by the end of a support period: achievement of goals, by reporting period, 2006–07 to 2010–11

List of figures
Figure 1.1: 	Clients and accompanying children, by state and territory, 2010–11
Figure 1.2: 	Support periods with and without a period of specialist homelessness accommodation, by state and territory, 2010–11
Figure 2.1: 	Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status, by state and territory, 
2010–11
Figure 3.1: 	Main reason for seeking assistance (broad groups), 2010–11
Figure 4.1: 	Mean and median length of support for clients, by state and territory,
2010–11
Figure 4.2: 	Mean and median length of accommodation for clients accommodated for at least 1 day, by state and territory, 2010–11
Figure 5.1: 	Provision of support required by clients, by state and territory, 
2010 11
Figure 5.2: 	Provision of support required by accompanying children, by state and territory, 2010–11
Figure 6.1:	Selected types of house/dwelling immediately after a support period, by state and territory, 2010–11
Figure 6.2: 	Employment status immediately after a support period, by state and territory, 2010–11